Northern Expedition - impact on CCP Flashcards
1
Q
Shanghai Massacre stats
A
- 5-10,000 Communists and unionists killed in Shanghai
- including Li Dazhao, founder of CCP
- 12 April 1927 - 2000 Green Gang members and Nationalist troops
- spread across China
- 250,000 killed in Hunan
2
Q
Shanghai Massacre Fenby
A
The attack on the united front by the KMT right was inevitable, given the competing ambitions on either side
- began a violentpower struggle between left and right that would take millions of lives in twenty-two years of national dislocation
3
Q
Shanghai Massacre Chiang quote
A
while I was opposed to the oppression of the Communists, I would check their influence as soon as they became too powerful.” Chiang Kai-Shek
4
Q
Shanghai outcome for Chiang
A
17 April 1927 Chiang expelled from KMT for ‘massacre of the people’
- o Extraordinary powers revoked from Chiang
- Aprl 18 1927 formed own separate government in Nanjng
5
Q
Shanghai outcome for CCP - leader
A
- Chen Duxiu resigns as CCP secretary-general
- discredited because had pushed for KMT co-operation
- replaced by Qu Qiubai, who did not change Chen’s policies in any fundamental way
- membership falls to 10,000
6
Q
Shanghai outcome for CCP - tactic change
A
A telegram from Moscow on 1 June 1927
- d inject new blood into the KMT Central Committee in place of ‘vacillating and compromising’ veterans.
- form a 70,000-strong Red Army
- CCP to pursue agrarian revolution
- peasants = “last remaining source of actual influence” hans van deven -
- ‘during the NE, Hunanese peasants obtained quite a few arms and battle experience’ Chen
- CCP controlled peasant associations existed in 45 counties, with a membership of 416,000 according to Chen
7
Q
Nanchang uprising
A
- 30,000 forces
- 1-5 August 1927
- reaction to anti-Comm policy of Wuhan govt
- led by Zhou Enlai and Zhu De
- initially successful, then forced to retreat
8
Q
Autumn Harvest Uprising
A
- led by Mao
- 7-13 September 1927
- Hunan province
- seized towns, but didn’t make t to provincal capital of changsha
- destroyed
- 1000 soldier escaped to Jinaggangshan mountains
9
Q
Autumn Harvest C+H dispute
A
- say Mao talked leaders intro striking only at Chnagsha
- gained control of men, moved to position 100 km east of Changsha
- was there on September 11, the uprising’s launch date, far from his troops
- September 14 ordered troops to abandon Changsha sege
- in order to allow Mao to also gain control of a force of 1,700 peasant rebels and defectors from the Nationalist army who were near Changsha
- view sent to Moscow by the secretary of the Soviet Consulate in Changsha that the retreat was ‘the most despicable treachery and cowardice.
10
Q
Guangzhou Uprising
A
- 11-13 December 1927
- o 5700 killed
- o City captured and CCP Soviet proclaimed
- o Assisted by foreign warships, KMT retake Guangzhou
