North vs South Pre Civil War Flashcards
(12 cards)
what were the main causes of division between the North and South by 1860
economic differences
social and political differences
cultural and slavery
how did economic development differ between North and South by 1860
the North industrialized with rapid urban growth and immigration
the south remained agrarian and focused on slave based plantation farming
- only produced 10% of nations manufactured goods
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why was slavery crucial to the southern economy
southern wealth depended on slave labour for large plantations growing cotton and tobacco.
slave ownership was tied to status and power
- 500 slaves or more
what were the political differences between north and south regarding the federal govt
the south wanted strong state rights to protect slavery
the north supported federal power and was more open to anti-slavery legislation
What roles did tariffs play
The South supported free trade for exporting cotton
- over half of US exports was raw cotton traded to Britain
while the North favoured tariffs to protect its industries, creating economic conflict.
Some historians suggests this played a bigger role than slavery in causing civil war
What was the impact of immigration on the North?
Most of the 5 million Immigrants ( 1830-1860) settled in the North, boosting population and urbanisation.
In contrast, the South stayed rural with little immigration. Having only 35% of the population living in the south
How did social structure differ between North and South?
The South’s society was built around slavery and white supremacy. The North moved toward more free labour and urban industry.
What was the ‘Code of Honour’ in the South?
A cultural belief where honour had to be defended, sometimes violently. It reflected Southern values of pride, slavery, and Christian faith.
How did Northern and Southern views on slavery differ
Northern states banned slavery and became ‘free’, while the South defended it as essential for economic and social stability.
How did education contribute to cultural differences?
Northerners were generally better educated and more open to reform; Southerners resisted change and valued traditional ways.
What fear did Southerners have about the end of slavery?
They believed ending slavery would destroy their economy and lead to social collapse and race war.
What was the role of the North in banning slavery?
Between 1777 and 1858, the North abolished slavery, supporting the idea that it violated the Declaration of Independence.
