Civil War Causes And Consequences Flashcards
What were the main causes of the American Civil War?
Long-standing sectional differences, unresolved issues from the U.S. Constitution, and disputes over slavery and states’ rights.
How did the issue of slavery contribute to the Civil War?
The North opposed the expansion of slavery, while the South depended on it for economic and social reasons. The federal government’s role in prohibiting slavery in new territories heightened tensions.
What event led directly to the secession of Southern states?
Abraham Lincoln’s election in 1860. He opposed the spread of slavery, prompting seven Southern states to secede and form the Confederate States of America.
Why did the Union oppose Southern secession?
Lincoln and the North viewed secession as illegitimate, fearing it would weaken democracy and lead to a fragmented country.
What was the most immediate impact of the Civil War?
Massive loss of life—over 600,000 deaths, making it the deadliest war in U.S. history until World War II.
How did the Civil War affect the U.S. economy?
The North prospered, increasing its total wealth by 50%. The South suffered, losing 40% of livestock, 50% of farm machinery, and $1 billion in war damage
What was the total cost of the war for the North and South?
The Union spent $2.3 billion, while the Confederacy spent $1 billion.
How long did it take the South to recover economically from the war?
More than half a century.
What was the political impact of the Civil War?
The Union was preserved, but deep divisions between North and South remained, particularly over how to deal with defeated Confederate states.
What was the Emancipation Proclamation?
Issued by Abraham Lincoln in January 1863, it declared freedom for slaves in Confederate-controlled areas.
