Norman, D. Begrepp

Question 1

1. Discoverability

Answer 1

It is possible to determine what actions are possible and the current state of the device.

Question 2

2. Feedback

Answer 2

There is full and continuous information about the results of actions and the current state of the product or service. After an actions has been executed, it is easy to determine the new state.

Question 3

3. Conceptual model

Answer 3

The design projects all the information needed to create a good conceptual model of the system, leading to understanding and a feeling of control. The conceptual model enhances both discoverability and evaluation of results.

Question 4

4. Affordance

Answer 4

The proper affordances exist to make the desired actions possible.

Question 5

5. Signifiers

Answer 5

Effective use of signifiers ensures discoverability and that the feedbacks well communicated and intelligible.

Question 6

6. Mappings

Answer 6

The relationship between controls and their actions follows the principles of good mapping, enhanced as much as possible through spatial layout and temporal contiguity.

Question 7

7. Constraints

Answer 7

Providing physical, logical, semantic, and cultural constraints guides actions and erases interpretation.

Question 8

How do we bridge the gulf of execution?

Answer 8

We bridge the gulf of execution through signifiers, constraints, mappings and a conceptual model.

Question 9

How do we bridge the gulf of evaluation?

Answer 9

We bridge the gulf of evaluation through the use of feedback and a conceptual model.