Normal Values

Question 1

Heart Rate (HR), Respiratory Rate (RR) and Blood Pressure (BP): Adults

Answer 1

HR = 70 (50-100)

RR = 12-16

BP systolic/diastolic = 95-140 / 60-90

Question 2

Arterial blood

Answer 2

pH = 7.35-7.45

PaO2 = 10.7-13.3 kPa (80-100 mmHg)

PaCO2 = 4.7-6.0 kPa (35-45 mmHg)

HCO3 = 22-26 mmol/l

Base excess = -2 to +2

Question 3

Venous blood

Answer 3

pH = 7.31-7.41

PO2 = 5.0-5.6 kPa (37-42 mmHg)

PCO2 = 5.6-6.7 kPa (42-50 mmHg)

Question 4

Ventilation / Perfusion

Answer 4

Breathing air = 0.7-2.7 kPa (5-20 mmHg)

Breathing 100% O2 = 3.3-8.6 kPa (25-65 mmHg)

Question 5

Pressures

Answer 5

Right Atrial (RA) pressure = -1 to +7 mmHg (-0.13 to 0.93 kPa)

Right Ventricula (RV) pressure = Systolic 15-25 mmHg ; Diastolic 0-8

Pulmonary Artery (PA) pressure = Systolic 15-25 mmHg ; Diastolic 8-15 ; Mean 10-20

Pulmonary Capillary Wedge pressure = Mean 6-15

Central Venous pressure (CVP) = 3-15 cmH2O

Intracranial pressure (ICP) = <10 mmHg

Peak Inspiratory mouth pressure (PiMax) = Male 103-124 cmH2O ; Female 65-87

Peak Expiratory mouth pressure (PeMax) = Male 185-233 cmH2O ; Female 128-152