NORMAL PHYSIOLOGIC CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY Flashcards
There is increased BMR in the second half of pregnancy
Basal Metabolism
Increased body temperature
Basal Metabolism
20% increase in heart rate (3rd trimester)
Cardiovascular System
10% reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure by 8 weeks of pregnancy (there is a further decrease until 24 weeks followed by return to pre-pregnancy values around term
Cardiovascular System
Cardiac output increases by 30-50%
Cardiovascular System
Plasma volume increases by 10 % at around 7 weeks of pregnancy; it continues to increase by 45 – 50% by 32 weeks, followed by a decline until term
Hematological system
Red blood cell mass increases by 19 – 25 % during early pregnancy as a result of increased demands for oxygen transport ; this returns to normal after delivery
Hematological system
Increased cardiac output through increased heart rate (16% or 6 beats/minute)
Circulatory System
Decreased blood pressure in the first half (29%) , returned to nonpregnancy levels in the second half
Circulatory System
Length of kidneys increase by 1 cm to account for higher blood volume
Renal system
Increased size of the pelvis, ureters, and calyces, as a result of increased levels of progesterone
Renal system
Glomerular filtration rate increases by 40 -50 % until 36 weeks
Renal system
Loss of glucose through the kidneys, which can increase the risk for infection
Renal system
Increased risk of urinary tract infection
Renal system
Increase in sodium retention
Renal system
