Normal Liver Function

Question 1

what are the normal functions of liver?

Answer 1

synthetic – protein synthesis and coagulation proteins
metabolic – fat, carbs and protein metabolism
excretory – bilirubin and bile acid metabolism
detoxification

Question 2

proteins in plasma

Answer 2

6-8 mg/dl

Question 2

function of albumin

Answer 2

maintain osmotic pressure
transfer water in soluble substance

Question 3

hypoalbuminemia causes

Answer 3

edema

Question 3

albumin deficiency leads to

Answer 3

chronic liver disease
malnutrition
nephrotic syndrome
protein losing enteropathy

Question 4

coagulation factors secreted

Answer 4

5,7,9,10,12

Question 5

liver is storage site for

Answer 5

glycogen

Question 6

liver damages leads to

Answer 6

hypoglycemia

Question 7

increased ammonia levels lead to

Answer 7

hepatic encephalopathy

Question 8

how bilirubin metabolism takes place

Answer 8

biliverdin is formed
reduced to bilirubin
initially unconjugated and water soluble
transported to liver attached to albumin

Question 9

hyperbilirubinemia causes

Answer 9

jaundice

Question 10

how is bilirubin excreted

Answer 10

conjugated bilirubin enters the intestine
hydrolyzed by bacterial enzymes
reduced to urobilinogen
excreted in stool as stercobilinogen
remaining absorbed in terminal ileum
urobilinogen binds to albumin and then into circulation
and excreted in urine by kidney

Question 11

bile aid metabolism

Answer 11

synthesized in hepatocytes
excreted in bile and pass into duodenum
cause fat solubilization

Question 12

decreased bile salts cause

Answer 12

pruritus – itching
bleeding disorders– vit. K def
steatorrhea –fatty stool

Question 13

increased level of insulin, glucagon, estrogen, growth hormone, glucocorticoids and parathyroid cause

Answer 13

gynecomastia

Question 14

hypoglycemia causes

Answer 14

brain damage

Question 15

Ok

Answer 15

Ok