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Liver > liver function test > Flashcards

liver function test Flashcards

1
Q

lfts confirm

A

liver disease
hepatic/ biliary cell involvement
extent of liver damage

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2
Q

tests for liver function

A

serum bilirubin
hepatic enzymes
PT
serum A/G ratio

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3
Q

normal bilirubin

A

< 1mg/dl

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4
Q

bilirubin in jaundice

A

> 2.5 mg/dl

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5
Q

enzymes in Lfts

A

ALT – alanine transaminase
AST – aspartate transaminase
GGT – Y-glutamyl transferase
ALP – alkaline Phosphatase

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6
Q

proteins in Lfts

A

total proteins
albumin
globulin

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7
Q

synthetic function of lfts

A

pt
serum ammonia

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8
Q

excretory function of lfts

A

total bilirubin
urine bilirubin
urine UBG

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9
Q

tumor markers of lfts

A

alpha- fetoproteins

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10
Q

gamma glutamyl transferase is elevated in

A

pancreatitis
cardiac, renal and pulmonary disorders
diabetes
alcoholism
acute parenchymal damage
biliary obstruction

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11
Q

causes of acute liver disease

A

viral –
hep A B C D E, EBV, CMV, Yellow fever virus
Non- viral –
leptospira, Q fever, toxoplasma gondi
Poisons –
afatoxin, carbon tetrachloride, mushrooms
drugs –
paracetamol
halothane
alcohol –
pregnancy –
shock –
wilsons disease –

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12
Q

causes of chronic liver disease

A

Non alcoholic fatty liver disease
alcohol
viral – Hep B, C
autoimmune
drugs – isoniazid, ketoconazole
ulcerative colitis
genetic

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13
Q

what are the routine LFTs

A

ALT, AST, ALP, GGT
total bilirubin
serum albumin
total protein
A/G ratio

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14
Q

normal ALT

A

7-56 IU/L

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15
Q

normal AST

A

0- 40 IU/L

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16
Q

normal ALP

A

41- 133 IU/L

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17
Q

normal GGT

A

9- 85 IU/L

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18
Q

normal total bilirubin

A

0.1- 1 mg/dl

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19
Q

normal serum albumin

A

3.5- 5.3g/dl

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20
Q

normal total protein

A

6- 8 g/dl

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21
Q

normal A/G ratio

A

0.8- 2.0

22
Q

normal AFP

A

0- 15 microg/L

23
Q

2X ALT shows

A

liver cell necrosis
viral hep
ischemic liver injury
toxins
pregnancy related

24
Q

2X AST shows

A

mitochondrial damage
alcoholic hep
liver cirrhosis
MI

25
Q

liver cholestasis means

A

GGT and ALP both raised

26
Q

raised ALP means

A

infiltrative liver disease
granulomatous liver disease
abscess
amyloidosis of liver

27
Q

extravascular hemolytic anemia shows

A

inc. UCB
urine UBG raised
AST/ALT raised
ALP/GGT normal

28
Q

dec UCB means

A

Urine UBG normal
gilbert syndrome
crigler- najjar syndrome
physiologic jaundice of newborn

29
Q

mixed CB 20- 50% indicated

A

Urine bilirubin and UBG raised
viral Hep

30
Q

obstructive CB > 50% shows

A

urine bilirubin raised
urine UBG absent
dec intra and extra hepatic bile flow

31
Q

dec intrahepatic bile flow is

A

drug induced
primary biliary cirrhosis
dubin johnson syn
rotors syndrome

32
Q

dec extrahepatic bile flow

A

gall stones
carcinoma of head of pancreas

33
Q

total proteins interpret as

A

low: liver and kidney disorder, malabsorption, drug estrogen and ocp
high: chronic inflammation, infection
multiple myeloma

34
Q

globulin interpret

A

low: liver/ kidney disease
high: multiple myeloma, hodgkins disease. malignant lymphoma

35
Q

A/G ratio shows

A

low: inc globulin –myeloma, dec albumin
high: dec immunoglobulins

36
Q

AFP indicate

A

Hepatocellular carcinoma

37
Q

anti HAv IgM show

A

Active infection

38
Q

recover from infection or vaccination in HAV is seen by:

A

anti HAV-IgG

39
Q

acute/ chronic HCV is seen by

A

anti HCV IgM

40
Q

anti HCV- IgG indicate

A

infection or recovery

41
Q

confirmatory tests for HCV are:

A

RIBA
HCV RNA using PCR

42
Q

+ive RIBA and HCV RNA indicate

A

infection

43
Q

+ive RIBA and -ive HCV RNA show

A

recent recovery

44
Q

Anti HDV IgM mean

A

acute HDV

45
Q

anti HDV IgG show

A

chronic/ recovery infection

46
Q

HEV active infection is seen by

A

presence of anti HEV IgM

47
Q

Anti HEV IgG shows

A

recovery

48
Q

primary biliary cirrhosis has

A

serum IgM and anti mitochondrial antibody

49
Q

anti smooth muscle antibody and anti nuclear antibody is present in

A

autoimmune hepatitis

50
Q

what is the gold standard test for liver diease

A

liver biopsy

Liver (2 decks)

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