Normal Labour

Question 0

What happens in the second stage of labour?

Answer 0

Baby is born - complete dilation to birth

Question 1

This first stage of labour can be divided into 2 parts, what are they?

Answer 1

Latent - less than 4cm

Active - more than 4 cm

Question 2

How long is the 1st stage of labour in nullip and miltip?

Answer 2

12 hours nullip (1cm per hour)

7 hours mulitp (2 cm per hour)

Question 3

How long is the second atage of labour in a nullip and multip?

Answer 3

45 - 2h in nullip not be more than 2 h

15-45 mins in multip - should not be more than 1 hr

Question 4

What happens in the third stage of labour?

Answer 4

Delivery of placenta

Question 5

How can you aid placental delivery?

Answer 5

Syntometrine (ergometrine+oxytocin)

Gentle cord traction

Question 6

What shape is the anterior fontanelle?

Answer 6

diamond

Question 7

What shape is the posterior fontanelle?

Answer 7

Y shaped

Question 8

What age does the anterior and posterior fontanelle ossify by?

Answer 8

Anterior by 2 years old

Posterior in the first few months

Question 9

What is the line between the two fontanelle a called?

Answer 9

Saggital suture

Question 10

What is the station of a baby?

Answer 10

How far down the head is in relation to the ischial spines

Question 11

If the baby’s head is above the ischial spines is this a positive or negative station?

Answer 11

Negative

Question 12

What is moulding?

Answer 12

How much overlap there is between the fetal skill bones

Question 13

What is the caput?

Answer 13

Localised swelling on the baby’s head due to pressure of the cervix and pelvic inlet

Question 14

In OA position, the ideal position, where would the posterior suture be?

Answer 14

Closest to mothers pubic symphysis

Question 15

If the anterior fontanelle is in a central position what position is the baby likely to be in?

Answer 15

Brow presentation

May also feel lips and nose

Question 16

When is a VE contraindicated?

Answer 16

Premature rupture of membranes

Placenta praevia

Question 17

After the head has been delivered which movement should the midwife wait for before delivering the shoulders?

Answer 17

External rotation of the head

Question 18

How long should contractions last for?

Answer 18

40-60 seconds

Question 19

What is the average diameter of pelvic inlet?

Pelvic outlet?

Answer 19

13x11 cm

11x13 cm

Question 20

What is the smallest diameter of the fetal head?

Answer 20

9.5cm at full flexion

Question 21

At wha position does the baby’s head enter the pelvis?

Answer 21

R or L occipit transverse

Question 22

Which forceps would you use to rotate a baby?

Answer 22

Keillands forceps

Question 23

What is another name for restitution?

Answer 23

External rotation

Question 24

What is external rotation?

Answer 24

Turning outwards or away from midline

Question 25

Which forceps have both a pelvic and cephalic curve?

Answer 25

Neville Barnes forceps

Question 26

What is the maximum number of attempts to deliver a baby with forceps

Answer 26

3 contractions with traction

Question 27

Do you need to suture a first degree tear?

Answer 27

No it is only the skin that is damaged

Can suture if it won’t stop bleeding

Question 28

If a tear involves the perineal muscles but not the anal sphincter what degree is it?

Answer 28

Second degree

Question 29

Describe stage 3 tears (3a-c)

Answer 29

3a - less than 50% EAS
3b - more than 50% of EAS
3c - both EAS and IAS torn

Question 30

What is a fourth degree tear?

Answer 30

Through to anal epithelium

Question 31

What are the two most common causes of secondary PPH?

Answer 31

Infection

Retained products of conception

Question 32

At station 0 the presenting part is level with what part of the pelvis?

Answer 32

Ischial spines

Question 33

What percentage of women are resus negative?

Answer 33

15%