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Advanced Gait > Normal Human Gait > Flashcards

Normal Human Gait Flashcards

1
Q

What 3 accomplishments occur during IC and LR?

A

forward progression
stability
shock absorption

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2
Q

what 2 accomplishments occur during MSt and TSt

A

stability and forward progression

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3
Q

What is the critical event(s) that occurs during:
- IC

A

heel first contact

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4
Q

What is the critical event(s) that occurs during:
- LR

A

hip stability
controlled knee flexion and ankle PF
Heel rocker

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5
Q

What is the critical event(s) that occurs during:
- MSt

A

controlled tibial advacement
ankle rocker

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6
Q

What is the critical event(s) that occurs during:
- TSt

A

controlled ankle DF w/ heel rise of the trailing limb
forefoot rocker

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7
Q

what 2 accomplishments occur during all swing phase?

A

foot clearance and limb advancement

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8
Q

What is the critical event(s) that occurs during:
- PSw

A

passive knee flexion and PF
period of relaxation

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9
Q

What is the critical event(s) that occurs during:
- ISw

A

hip flexion helps w/ knee flexion

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10
Q

What is the critical event(s) that occurs during:
- MSw

A

further hip flexion and ankle to neutral

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11
Q

What is the critical event(s) that occurs during:
- TSw

A

knee extension to neutral to prepare for IC

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12
Q

what joint position should the hip be at IC

A

20-30 deg flexion
5 deg pelvic rotation and anterior tilt

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13
Q

where should the GRF be at the hip during IC?
what moment does it create?

A

anterior
flexion moment

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14
Q

what key muscles are active at the hip during IC?
Why?

A

hip extensors - to counterbalance the flexion moment from the GRF

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15
Q

what is the joint position of the hip during LR

A

20 deg flexion
5 deg pelvis forward rotation and anterior tilt

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16
Q

where is the GRF at the hip during LR

A

thru the joint

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17
Q

what key muscles are active at the hip during LR?
why?

A

extensors reduce activity - GRF is no longer anterior to hip
ABD activity increases - allow for stabilization of the pelvis as the body accepts load

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18
Q

what position is the hip during MSt

A

moves from neutral to extension
pelvis is neutral

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19
Q

where is the GRF at the hip during MSt

A

posterior/thru and medial

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20
Q

what muscles are active at the hip during MSt?

A

extensors are quiet - GRF thru the joint
isometric contraction of hip ABD

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21
Q

what type of stability is achieved at the hip during MSt

A

M-L stability

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22
Q

what joint position is the hip in during TSt

A

10-20 deg EXTENSION
5 deg pelvic backward rotation

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23
Q

where is the GRF at the hip during TSt

A

thru the joint

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24
Q

what muscles are active at the hip during TSt?

A

none

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25
Q

what is the joint position of the hip in PSw

A

20 deg ext to 10 deg ext

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26
Q

where is the GRF at the hip during PSw

A

posterior - creating an extension moment

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27
Q

what muscles are active at the hip during PSw

A

iliacus and hip ABD

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28
Q

what is the joint position of the hip at ISw

A

15-20 deg flexion
5 deg pelvic backward rotation

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29
Q

what muscles are active at the hip during ISw

A

concentric hip flexor

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30
Q

where is the GRF for any joint during swing phase?

A

no GRF –> in swing phase

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31
Q

where is the joint position of the hip during MSw

A

25-30 deg flexion
neutral pelvis

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32
Q

what muscles are active at the hip during MSw

A

concentric hip flexor

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33
Q

what is the joint position of the hip during TSw

A

20-30 deg flexion
5 deg pelvic forward rotation

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34
Q

what m are active at the hip during TSw

A

ECC contraction of the hamstrings

35
Q

what is the position of the knee during IC

A

neutral - slight flexion

36
Q

where is the GRF at the knee during IC

A

anterior - creating an extension moment

37
Q

what muscles are active at the knee during IC

A

slight hams at beginning - turn off quick
quads on to prepare for LR

38
Q

what is the joint position of the knee during LR

A

15 deg flexion

39
Q

where is the GRF at the knee during LR

A

posterior

40
Q

what muscles are active at the knee during LR

A

ECC contraction of quads - counterbalance flexion moment of GRF

41
Q

what joint position of the knee during MSt

A

slight flexion - neutral

42
Q

where is the GRF at the knee during MSt

A

almost thru the joint

43
Q

what m are active at the knee during MSt

A

quad activity decreases - m activity is almost quiet

44
Q

what is the joint position of the knee during TSt

A

neutral

45
Q

where is the GRF at the knee during TSt

A

thru the joint

46
Q

what m are active at the knee during TSt

A

none- GRF is thru the knee

47
Q

what is the joint position of the knee during PSw

A

40 deg of rapid flexion

48
Q

where is the GRF at the knee during PSw

A

posterior - creating flexion moment

49
Q

what m are active at the knee during PSw

A

none - GRF helps to unlock the knee

50
Q

what is the joint position of the knee during ISw

A

60 deg flexion

51
Q

what m are active at the knee during ISw

A

short head of biceps femoris, sartorius, gracilis

52
Q

what is the joint position of the knee during MSw

A

25 deg flexion

53
Q

what m are active at the knee during MSw

A

knee flexors - RELAX
begin ECC contraction of hams as the knee moves into ext.

54
Q

what is the joint position of the knee during TSw

A

neutral

55
Q

what muscles are active at the knee during TSw

A

concentric quads
ECC hams - prevent hyperextension

56
Q

what is the JP of the ankle during IC

A

neutral

57
Q

what muscles are active at the ankle during IC

A

isometric contractions of the pretibial m to counterbalance the PF GRF

58
Q

where is the GRF at the ankle during IC

A

posterior - creating a PF moment

59
Q

what JP is the ankle in during LR

A

controlled drop to 10 deg PF

60
Q

what m are active at the ankle during LR

A

ECC contraction of pretibials

61
Q

Where is the GRF at the ankle during LR

A

still posterior - creating the PF moment

62
Q

what JP is the ankle in during MSt

A

from PF to slight DF

63
Q

what m are active at the ankle during MSt

A

ECC contraction of PF (soleus) to counterbalance falling forward motion

64
Q

where is the GRF at the ankle during MSt

A

anterior

65
Q

what JP is the ankle in during Tst

A

10 def DF

66
Q

what m are active at the ankle during TSt

A

greatest activity of PF
moves from ECC to concentric for toe off at PSw

67
Q

what JP is the ankle in at PSw

A

15-20 deg PF

68
Q

what m are active at the ankle during PSw

A

none at the ankle due to small anterior GRF

69
Q

what JP is the ankle in during ISw

A

moving from PF to neutral

70
Q

what m are active at the ankle during ISw

A

CONC contraction of pretibials

71
Q

what JP is the ankle in during MSw

A

neutral - tibia is almost vertical to floor

72
Q

what m are active at the ankle during MSw

A

isometric contraction of pretibials

73
Q

what JP is the ankle in during TSw

A

neutral

74
Q

what m are active at the ankle during TSw

A

isometric contraction of pretibials

75
Q

what JP is the foot in during IC

A

ST = neutral
MT = neutral
MTP = EXT

76
Q

where is the GRF at the foot during IC

A

lateral to joint center (slightly)

77
Q

what m are active at the foot during IC

A

invertors
EXT hallicis longus
Ext digitorum longus

78
Q

what JP is the foot in during LR

A

ST = slight EV
MT = decrease of medial arch
MTP = neutral

79
Q

what m are active at the foot during LR

A

tib post and anterior
toe extensors

80
Q

what JP is the foot in during MSt

A

ST = into less EV from LR
MT = medial arch drops
MTP = neutral

81
Q

what JP is the foot in during TSt

A

ST = into slight IV
MT = foot arch restores
MTP = extension

82
Q

What m are active at the foot during TSt

A

evertors and intrinsics

83
Q

what JP is the foot in during PSw

A

ST and MT = neutral
MTP = extension 60 deg

84
Q

what m are active at the foot during PSw

A

intrinsics

Advanced Gait (2 decks)

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