Normal Gait Flashcards
The determinates of gait describe
Processes by which the body attempts to resist change to the position of the center of gravity during normal human walking
There are six determinants of gait, which while described individually, function simultaneously.
True
The stance phase portion represents about 60%-62% of the gait phase.
True
A stride is defined as
The equivalent of one gait cycle
A step is defined as
The equivalent of one half a stride
Perry lists the three phases of swing in normal gait as pre-swing, swing, and terminal swing
True
Signs of mature gait include
- Narrowed walking base
- heel strike at initial contact
- reciprocal arm swing
- knee flexion wave
At initial contact, the ankle is in what angular attitude?
Neutral (90)
The muscular activity at initial contact is as follows:
Hip Flexors, Knee Extensors, Ankle Dorsiflexors
The knee is ____ at Initial Contact
Completely extended
During which phase of gait is the hip hyperextended?
Pre Swing
During which phase(s) of gait does the knee reach maximum flexion?
Acceleration, Midswing
During which phase(s) of gait does the hip reach maximum flexion?
Initial Contact, Mid Swing, Deceleration
At late mid stance the ground reaction line is a follows:
Anterior ankle, anterior knee, posterior hip
At Pre Swing the ground reaction line is as follows:
Anterior Ankle, Posterior Knee, Posterior Hip
The phase of gait where the ground reaction line falls anterior to the ankle, anterior to the knee, and posterior to the hip is:
Terminal Stance
The ankle reaches maximum plantarflexion during which phase(s) of gait?
Initial Swing, Pre-Swing
An average walking speed is 113 steps/min or about:
3 mph
Running is:
Absence of double limb support
Lateral displacement of the hip during normal human walking is:
1 to 3 inches
A normal width of walking base is about
4 to 5 cm
The horizontal dip of the pelvis during normal human walking equals how many degrees
5 Degrees
The vertical displacement of the center of gravity is:
2 cm
How much knee flexion is present from heel strike to loading response and why?
20 Degrees; Minimize vertical displacement of the center of gravity
The first indicators of maturing gait include:
- heel strike at the initial contact
- reciprocal arm swing
- knee flexion wave
- the walking base will grow narrower
For practical gait units of measure, the terms stride and step are used. A stride is the same as one gait cycle and is defined as the interval between the initial contact of one leg and initial contact of the other leg.
False
Initial contact is an instantaneous event at the moment the foot first contacts the ground. It is a period of double limb support. The ground reaction line is anterior to the hip joint, anterior to the knee joint, and posterior to the ankle joint. Because of this, which of the following statement is true of the moments being generated at this point?
- It is generating a flexion moment at the hip
- it is generating an extension moment at the knee
- no moment is generated at the ankle
A period of single limb support occurs during loading response when the foot is flat on the floor and continues to mid stance as the leg approaches perpendicular to the ground.
True
Terminal stance occurs at the end of single limbs stance. The ground reaction line is generating:
- extension moment at the hip
- extension moment at the knee
- dorsiflexion moment at the ankle
