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Applied Kinese Gait > Normal Gait > Flashcards

Normal Gait Flashcards

1
Q

stance phase vs swing phase percentage

A

62 stance

38 swing

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2
Q

step length

A

right heel to left heel or vise versa

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3
Q

Stride length

A

left heel to left heel or vise versa
1.51 for males
1.32 for females
meters

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4
Q

degree of toe out

A

normal 5-7 degrees

angle between heel and second toe

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5
Q

step width

A

lateral distance between right and left heel or vise versa

normal is 7-10

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6
Q

stride length is also the time

A

the time for a full gait cycle

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7
Q

cadence

A

steps per min
male 108 steps/min
female 118 steps/min

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8
Q

walking speed is functional how

A 
it is the most functional measurement of individuals walking ability
3 mph
or 
1.37 for males
1.3 for females
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9
Q

single limb support (SLS) percent

A

80

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10
Q

double limb support (DLS) percent

A

20

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11
Q

running differ from walking

A

no double support phase

there is a point where no foot is on the ground

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12
Q

functional tasks of gait

A

weight acceptance WA
SLS
SLA (swing limb advancement

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13
Q

WA phases and fx

A

initial contact loading response

forward progress
stability
shock absorption

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14
Q

SLS phases and fx

A

mid stance
terminal stance

stability
forward progression

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15
Q

SLA stances and fx

A

pre swing
initial swing
mid swing
terminal swing

foot clearing
limb advancement

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16
Q

CoM is displaced in

A

forward
vertical
side to side

17
Q

CoM vertical

A

viewed from side

lowest point during periods of DLS

highest points during SLS

5cm displaced

18
Q

CoM side to side

max shift right

A

max shift right end of midstance (right leg reference)

max shift left during mid swing (right leg reference)

4cm displaced

19
Q 
Initial contact
critical event 
muscles:
Hip 
Knee
Ankle
A 
CE - heel first contact
H -EX concentric
K - Eccentric hamstring
concentric quads to eccentric in prep from loading
A - DF concentric
20
Q 
loading response
critical event 
muscles:
Hip 
Knee
Ankle
A

CE - hip stability, controlled knee FL ankle PF
H - EX concentric
K - eccentric quads
A - eccentric DF - transition into eccentric PF

21
Q 
midstance
critical event 
muscles:
Hip 
Knee
Ankle
A

CE - controlled tibial advancement
H -N/a
K - eccentric quads in beginning - to concentric knee extenders at end
A - eccentric of ankle PF

22
Q 
Terminal stance
critical event 
muscles:
Hip 
Knee
Ankle
A

CE - controlled ankle DF with heel rise
H - minimal activity in sagittal plane
K - no extensor activity maintained by gastroc
A - concentric PF (prevent tibial collapse)

23
Q 
Preswing
critical event 
muscles:
Hip 
Knee
Ankle
A

CE - passive knee FL to 40 deg and ankle PF
H - concentric FL
K - knee FL passive
A - ankle PF is mainly passive tension - concentric DF

24
Q 
midswing
critical event 
muscles:
Hip 
Knee
Ankle
A

CE - further hip FL to 25 and ankle DF to 0
H - concentric hip FL - start of eccentric hip EX
K - knee EX created by momentum - knee flexors eccentric at end of phase
A - continued concentric DF

25
Q 
initial swing
critical event 
muscles:
Hip 
Knee
Ankle
A

CE - hip FL to 15 and knee FL to 60 (majority of foot clearance bc of knee FL)
H - concentric FL
K - Concentric FL
A - concentric DF

26
Q 
Terminal swing
critical event 
muscles:
Hip 
Knee
Ankle
A

CE - knee EX to N
H - concentric EX
K - concentric EX, Eccentric knee FL
A - concentric DF

27
Q

Hip ROM for normal gait

A

25 deg of FL and 20 deg of EX

28
Q

knee ROM for normal gait

A

40 deg of FL at preswing and max knee FL 60 deg at initial swing

29
Q

Ankle ROM for normal gait

A

10 deg of DF and 15 deg of PF

30
Q

pelvis hip frontal plane ROM

A

Pelvis rotates through 10-15 deg on stance limb

loading response of R the L iliac crest drops

then L iliac is elevated

31
Q

foot/ subtalar frontal plane

A

inverted 2-3 deg at initial contact - rapid eversion of calc

after mid stance - sub talr reverses direction toward inversion

inversion continues in pre swing

calc returns to slightly inverted position in late swing to prepare for next heel contact

32
Q

horizontal plane trunk

A

opposite rotation from pelvic motion

33
Q

hip horizontal plane

A

forward rotation of pelvis on stance limb with hip FL during swing

increases step length

34
Q

shoulder horizontal plane

A

opposite sagittal plane motion of ipsi hip

active, particularly shoulder EX

balances rotational forces of the trunk

35
Q

what reduces downward displacement of CoM

A

horizontal plane pelvic rotation

sagittal plane ankle rotation

36
Q

what reduces upward displacement of CoM

A

stance phase knee FL

frontal plane pelvic rotation (hip hike and drop)

37
Q

what reduces side to side excursion of CoM

A

frontal plane hip rotation

step width

38
Q

muscle in frontal

stances

A 
loading response
hip - AB eccentric
ankle - inverters eccentric
Midstance
hip - AB eccentric into concentric
ankle - inverters eccentric
terminal stance
hip - AB concentric
ankle - inverters concentric
39
Q

muscle in frontal

swings

A 
pre swing
hip - AB concentric
ankle - inverters concentric
initial mid and terminal
hip - AD concentric
ankle - evertors concentric

Applied Kinese Gait (2 decks)

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