Normal Flora

Question 1

What is meant by core microbiome?

Answer 1

Commonly shared microbial species among individuals at specific body sites; although typically represented by a limited number of species, these comprise the largest proportion of the microbial population

Question 2

What is the difference between bacterial:
Colonization
Infection
Infectious disease

Answer 2

Colonization: Establishment of a population of organisms which can live and multiply (Normal Flora)

Infection: Occurs when colonized bacteria cause a host response —-> inflammation

Infectious disease: Occurs when infection causes some kind of host tissue damage

Question 3

What is microbiome?

Answer 3

Aggregate collection of microbial genomes in the microbiota

(microbiota = community of microbes that live in and on an individual; can vary substantially between environmental sites and host niches in health and disease)

Question 4

What is dysbiosis?

Answer 4

Disruption of normal flora

Question 5

How can dysbiosis lead to disease?

Answer 5

Can lead to disease by the elimination of needed organisms or allowing the growth of inapproriate flora

Antibiotic associated colitis–> following exposure to anitbiotics and suppression of the normal intestinal flora, C.diff is able to proliferate and express enterotoxins which leads to the inflammation of the colon addressed via fecal transplantation

Obesity: individuals with intestinal microbiota that is more efficient at breaking down complex carbohydrates internalize rather than void these nutrients and are therefore susceptible to obsesity anda predisposition to metabolic syndromes such as types II diabetes

Question 6

What is microbiota?

Answer 6

normal flora that colonizes virtually every surface of the human body that is exposed to the external evironment