Normal Development

Question 1

What factors influence normal development?

Answer 1

Genetic
Nutritional
Environmental

Question 2

What is the median age of a developmental milestone?

Answer 2

When 50% of the population develop a skill

Question 3

What is the limit age of a developmental milestone?

Answer 3

Age when skill should have been acquired by 97.5% of children

Question 4

What is a developmental milestone?

Answer 4

Key stage when a new skill is developed

Question 5

What are the principles of development in a child?

Answer 5

Continuous process
Maturation of nervous system
Cephalocaudal direction

Question 6

What are the 4 areas of development in a child that are assessed?

Answer 6

Gross motor
Fine motor and vision
Language and hearing
Social behaviour and play

Question 7

In terms of gross motor development, what should be achieved by 3 months?

Answer 7

Head control

Question 8

In terms of gross motor development, what should be achieved by 6 months?

Answer 8

Sitting balance

Question 9

In terms of gross motor development, what should be achieved by 9 months?

Answer 9

Crawling

Question 10

In terms of gross motor development, what should be achieved by 12 months?

Answer 10

Standing

May take first step

Question 11

In terms of gross motor development, what should be achieved by 18 months?

Answer 11

Running

Question 12

In terms of gross motor development, what should be achieved by 24 and 36 months?

Answer 12

Stairs - 2 feet by 24 and alternate feet by 36 months

Question 13

What are the primitive reflexes in motor development?

Answer 13

Sucking and rooting
Palmar and plantar grasp
ATNR
Moro
Stepping and placing

Question 14

When is the ATNR reflex lost?

Answer 14

3/4 months

Question 15

In terms of fine motor skills and vision, what should be achieved by 6 weeks?

Answer 15

Follow torch with eyes

Question 16

In terms of fine motor skills and vision, what should be achieved by 3 months?

Answer 16

Regard hands in midline

Question 17

In terms of fine motor skills and vision, what should be achieved by 6 months?

Answer 17

Transfer of objects from hand to hand
Palmar grasp
Mouths objects

Question 18

In terms of fine motor skills and vision, what should be achieved by 9 months?

Answer 18

Index finger to point

Picking up of tiny objects between thumb and hand

Question 19

In terms of fine motor skills and vision, what should be achieved by 12 months?

Answer 19

Neat fine pincer grip
Bang toys together
Casting toys

Question 20

In terms of fine motor skills and vision, what should be achieved by 18 months?

Answer 20

Build tower of 2/4 bricks
Hand preference
Enjoyment of picture books

Question 21

In terms of fine motor skills and vision, what should be achieved by 24 months?

Answer 21

Build tower of 6/7 bricks

Circular scribble

Question 22

In terms of fine motor skills and vision, what should be achieved by 36 months?

Answer 22

Build tower of 9/10 bricks
Copies circles
Cuts with scissors

Question 23

In terms of language and hearing, what should be achieved by 6 weeks?

Answer 23

Stills to voice

Question 24

In terms of language and hearing, what should be achieved by 3 months?

Answer 24

Vocalises with familiar presence

Laughs and coos

Question 25

In terms of language and hearing, what should be achieved by 6 months?

Answer 25

Babbles tunefully

Screams when annoyed

Question 26

In terms of language and hearing, what should be achieved by 9 months?

Answer 26

Localises sound consistently
Polysyllabic babble
Immitates sound

Question 27

In terms of language and hearing, what should be achieved by 12 months?

Answer 27

Knows and responds to name

Jargons vowels and consonants

Question 28

In terms of language and hearing, what should be achieved by 18 months?

Answer 28

5-20 words

Points to body part

Question 29

In terms of language and hearing, what should be achieved by 24 months?

Answer 29

50+ words; joins 2 words; talks to self

Understands simple instructions

Question 30

In terms of language and hearing, what should be achieved by 36 months?

Answer 30

Knows own name and gender
Asks lots of questions
Carries on simple conversation
Understands prepositions

Question 31

In terms of language and hearing, what should be achieved by 48 months?

Answer 31

Recounts stories of recent experiences
Sentences of 5+ words
Counts to 20

Question 32

In terms of social and play, what should be achieved by 6 weeks?

Answer 32

Social smile

Question 33

In terms of social and play, what should be achieved by 3 months?

Answer 33

Reacts pleasuralby to familiar situations

Question 34

In terms of social and play, what should be achieved by 6 months?

Answer 34

Still friendly with strangers; plays with feet

Question 35

In terms of social and play, what should be achieved by 9 months?

Answer 35

Anxious around strangers; plays peek a boo; object permanence

Question 36

In terms of social and play, what should be achieved by 12 months?

Answer 36

Drinks from cup

Waves bye-bye

Question 37

In terms of social and play, what should be achieved by 18 months?

Answer 37

Feeds with spoon

Imitates adult activities

Question 38

In terms of social and play, what should be achieved by 24 months?

Answer 38

Puts on hat and shoes

Developing symbolic play

Question 39

In terms of social and play, what should be achieved by 36 months?

Answer 39

Washes hands
Vivid pretend play
Understands sharing and plays with others

Question 40

In terms of social and play, what should be achieved by 48 months?

Answer 40

Dresses and undresses

Understands concept of turn taking