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PaedsJaz > Normal > Flashcards

Normal Flashcards

1
Q

what age range counts as adolescence

A

10-20yo

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2
Q

the system used to define pubertal stages

A

Tanner stages 1-5

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3
Q

STEP assessment of developmental stage stands for

A

Sexual maturation and growth
Thinking
Education/Employment
Peers/Parents

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4
Q

Things to discuss with young people - HEEADSSS

A 
Home
education/employment
eating
activities
drugs
sex
suicide
safety
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5
Q

prescribing drugs in obese teenagers - what do you calculate the dosage bY?

A

their ideal body weight

otherwise if went by their weight they would OD

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6
Q 
infant = \_\_\_ led growth
child = \_\_\_ led
pubertal = \_\_\_\_ led
A

nutrient
growth hormone
sex hormone

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7
Q

sufficient for 3% of population with lowest nutritional needs =

A

LRNI

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8
Q

sufficient for 97% of the populations nutrient needs

A

RNI

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9
Q

if breastfeeding the mother will take ___ vit D supplements

A

10microns

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10
Q

if from 6months old and on <500ml formula milk = give ____ supplements

A

vit A C D

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11
Q

wean at what age

A

6m

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12
Q

can fully introduce full fat cows milk at what age?

A

12m

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13
Q

can introduce semiskimmed milk at what age?

A

2yo

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14
Q

can introduce skimmed milk at what age?

A

5yo

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15
Q

infants should be gluten free before what age?

A

<6m

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16
Q

avoid whole nuts and seeds until what age?

A

5yo

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17
Q

91st centile and above for BMI makes a child classed as __

A

overweight

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18
Q

98th centile and above for BMI makes a child classed as ___

A

obese

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19
Q

normal centiles for a childs BMI

A

between 25th and 75th

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20
Q

Tanner stage 1 =

A

pre puberty - no signs of puberty development

M = high voice

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21
Q

Tanner Stage 2-3 =

A 
in puberty
any breast (first sign) / axillary hair growth = F
slight voice deepening, testes and penis growth, pubic and axillary hair growth = M
22
Q

Tanner 4-5 =

A

completing puberty
started periods, breasts and axillary hair = F
broken voice, facial hair, adult penis and hair = M

23
Q

age before which puberty is deemed precocious in girls and boys

A 
8yo = F
9yo = M
24
Q

account for premature birth when calculating age until the child is

A

2yo

25
Q

4 areas of child development

A

gross motor
fine motor and vision
language and hearing
social behaviour and play

26
Q

5 neonatal primitive reflexes

A 
moro
sucking and rooting
palmar and plantar grasp
ATNR
stepping and placing
27
Q

ATNR in neonates =

A

Asymmetrical tonic neck reflex - fencing - to stop rolling off unstable surface
normal = disappears by age 6m

28
Q

if not walking by now start to worry

A

18m

29
Q

variation from the mean =

A

standard deviation

30
Q

___% lie within 1SD of the mean

A

68%

31
Q

___% lie within 2SD of the mean

A

95%

32
Q

height is measured on expiration or inspiration

A

expiration

33
Q

premature = < ___ wk gestation

A

37wks

34
Q

average age of puberty for boys and girls

A 
boys = 11.5yo
girls = 11yo
35
Q

puberty is initiated by __

A

GnRH level increasing which then increases LH and FSH

36
Q

pubertal delay age in boys and girls =

A 
boys = 14yo
girls = 13yo
37
Q

Age of average peak height velocity for boys and girls

A 
boys = 14yo
girls = 12yo
38
Q

mean adult height difference M:F =

A

12.5-14cm

39
Q

Investigations for growth problems =

A 
bloods (LFTs, growth factors, testosterone/oest, TFT, karyotype)
bone age
dynamic function tests
MRI brain
US uterus
40
Q

Ix for precocious puberty

A

MRI head
US pelvis
LH stimulation test

41
Q

Rx to stop precocious puberty

A

LHRH suppression therapy until 10yo and then will start puberty again at 11yo

42
Q

babies can lose up to __% of their birth weight because ___

A

10%

pee it out

43
Q

constitutional delay =

A

temporary delay in growth that then catches up

44
Q

rescue breaths to chest compression in kids ratio

A

2:15

45
Q

if kid isnt breathing normally first give ___ then __ chest compressions and then ___

A

5 rescue breaths
15
2 rescue
and repeat 15:2

46
Q

if ineffective cough in a child and airway obstruction and conscious =

A

5 back blows then 5 thrusts (chest for infant, abdo if <1yo)

47
Q

if ineffective cough, airway obstruction and child is now unconscious =

A

open airway - 5 rescue breaths and CPR 15:2

48
Q

Newborn screening includes:

A 
CF
medium chain acyl coA dehydrogenase deficiency
sickle cell
congenital hypothyroidism
PKU
maple syrup urine disease
isovaleric acidaemia
glutaric aciduria type 1
homocystinuria
49
Q

testes size ___ consistent with onset of puberty

A

> =4ml

50
Q

mode of inheritance of sickle cell =

A

auto recessive

51
Q

mode of inheritance neurofibromatosis

A

auto dom

52
Q

MELAS mode of inheritance =

A

mitochondrial

PaedsJaz (9 decks)

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