Nonverbal Communication/Voice & Diction Test Flashcards
Nonverbal: All forms of communication except _____. It includes _____, _____, and _____.
words, sounds, body language, environmental factors
nonverbal communication is most often sent on this level. We are often not aware of the messages we send nonverbally. We also process, interpret & respond on this level.
subconscious
it depends on the situation in which it occurs.
contextual
this means that nonverbal messages are open to interpretation and are often confusing.
ambiguous
a nonverbal message commonly used in one culture may send a completely different message in another culture.
cultural
having a strong voice with an attentive and positive attitude shows that you believe in yourself and your communication skills.
confidence
comes from an understanding of communication situations and a strong sense of what is appropriate and correct. it sends out the message that you are in control of your communication and the situation you are in.
poise
suggests a strong sense of purpose. it means you are confident in yourself, your opinions and beliefs and are not afraid to take a stand when necessary.
assertiveness
being perceived as approachable, friendly and open. it is giving another your full attention.
immediacy
human sound that is used to transmit language to others
voice
the highness or lowness in the sound of a voice
pitch
stressing or placing emphasis on certain words or phrases
inflection
level of loudness or softness in a person’s voice
volume
a specific vocal quality
tone
how fast or slowly a person speaks
rate
brief period without sound. helps provoke thought, develop curiosity or suspense, create a dramatic effect or raise questions.
pause
longer period of suspended sound. it conveys a willingness to listen. it expresses approval, disapproval, apathy. it also shows courtesy, respect, or profound emotion.
silence
conveys humor, friendliness, acceptance and good feelings. it can also convey cruelty or sarcasm.
laughter
sounds without words. sighs, whines, throat clearing are examples. they send messages about a sender’s feelings.
vocalizations
visual messages we send with our physical presence.
body language
your attire can add or detract from the image you want to project in social and professional contexts.
dress
it shows others whether or not you take pride in your appearance. it also implies that you want to look and be your best.
grooming
makes your clothes fit better, but gives you the air of confidence, poise and immediacy.
posture
shows your comfort level in situations.
muscular tone/tension
the way you walk or move from one place to another.
movement
a movement of any part of the body that reinforces another message or acts as a substitute for speech. they are very cultural in nature.
gestures
people use eyes to make contact with others, maintain and regulate interaction, and to provide space or distance. making eye contact often will be viewed as a sign of honesty and credibility.
eye contact
the way you use space, distance, and territoriality communicates messages about you and your relationships.
environmental cues
your perception and use of space
spatial communication
up to 18 inches from your body. communication in this range tends to be very personal.
intimate distance
18 inches to 4 feet. typically people allow friends, family members, and some coworkers to enter their personal space comfortably.
personal distance
4 to 12 feet. the most appropriate distance for interpersonal and small group interactions in professional and social contexts.
social distance
12 to 25 feet. used in formal presentations
public distance
people may identify a space or territory, claim it, and protect it as their own. your space can send a variety of messages about you.
territory
in recent years, rules and norms have taken a definite shift toward “Don’t touch.” remember it is personal and may be different than your preference.
touch
how you manage your time is crucial. how you use time sends a strong message about _____, your _____ of others, your relationships with them and your _____ about responsibilities.
time communication, you, perception, attitude
articles of adornment you use to decorate yourself or your surroundings and keep in your space.
artifacts and objects
associates a certain meaning or feeling.
color
the sense of smell is believed to provide the most direct link to the emotion center of the brain.
fragrance/odor
4 elements of voice production
respiration, phonation, resonation, articulation
12 parts of the body involved in voice production
- diaphragm - breathing muscle
- lungs - 2 air sacs
- trachea - windpipe
- larynx - voice box
- lips (articulator)
- teeth (articulator)
- tongue (articulator)
- palate - hard and soft (articulator)
- jaw (articulator)
- nasal cavity (resonator)
- sinus cavity (resonator)
- pharynx - throat (resonator)
the ability to be heard. works along with diaphragmatic breathing.
audibility
the quality and tone of your voice speak louder than the words. (non-verbal aspect)
pleasant quality
we enjoy better listening to those who have a variety in pitch, rate, and volume.
flexibility/vocal variety
how well you can be understood.
- articulation - speaking clearly
- pronunciation - look up a word if you don’t know how to pronounce it
- dialect regions - eastern, southern, midwest, etc.
intelligibility
4 phases in voice improvement
audibility, pleasant quality, flexibility/vocal variety, intelligibility
4 characteristics of nonverbal communication
subconscious, contextual, ambiguous, cultural
4 characteristics of a positive professional image
confidence, poise, assertiveness, immediacy
2 types of nonverbal communication
voice, body language
9 voice characteristics
pitch, inflection, volume, tone, rate, pause, silence, laughter, vocalizations
3 factors of body language
personal appearance, kinesics, facial communication
6 types of spatial communication
intimate, personal, social, public, territory, touch
5 articulators
lips, teeth, tongue, palate, jaw
3 resonators
nasal cavity, sinus cavity, pharynx
