Intro to Communication Test Flashcards
use of words that are clear, vivid, and appropriate
competent language
the “dictionary” or objective meaning people give to a symbol
denotative meaning
the personal associations people make for a symbol
connotative meaning
mental or internal conversations with oneself
self-talk
focusing on the speaker’s feelings and attitudes while gaining information
reflective listening (to understand)
critically analyzing the meaning and merits of a speaker’s message
critical listening (to evaluate)
listening that involves a search for facts and ideas
active listening (to learn)
active process of making sense of external environment and internal experience
perception
characteristics we believe to be true of a category ascribed to a given person or situation
stereotypes
behavior or interactions based on unproven assumptions as if those assumptions were true
self-fulfilling prophecy
communication process that explores differing perspectives and ideas on problems, issues, or topics; a way of communicating that allows people to stand their own ground while being open to other perspectives
dialogue
a group of people who come together in the same physical, mental, or virtual space to interact and/or pursue a common goal
community
coming from the environment that distracts from the communication
noise interference
the ultimate audience for a message
receiver
medium through which a message is sent
channel
original producer of a message
source
interpretation people assign to a message
meaning
those sounds, actions, or gestures that people agree have a common meaning
nonverbal symbol
rule-guided system of symbols that allows us to take messages and utterances in the form of words and translate them into meaning
language
the thing to which a symbol refers
referent
word, sound, action, or gesture that arbitrarily refers to a person, idea, or object
symbol
words, sounds, actions, and gestures that people express to one another when they interact
message
communication that fits a given context
appropriateness
someone who is motivated, knowledgeable and skillful at listening effectively in a variety of situations
competent listener
6 reasons we communicate
inform, persuade, promote understanding, make decisions, resolve conflicts and problems, meet our social and physical needs
definition of communication
the process of creating and exchanging meaning through symbolic interaction
communication process model
sender > encoding > message > channel > receiver > decoding > feedback > channel > back to sender
communication barriers (5)
noise (physical, physiological, psychological, semantic), communication apprehension (trait, context, audience, situation anxiety), bias, false assumptions, loaded terms
3 steps involved in perception
sensory, selective, personal
factors that influence personal perception (9)
values, beliefs, culture, bias, prejudice, attitudes, expectations, knowledge, communication skills
self-concept selves (11)
real, perceived, ideal, public, private, professional, social, intellectual, emotional, physical, artistic
Johari’s Window
open: we both know, hidden: only I know, unknown: we don’t know, blind: only you know
