Non-verbal Messages

Question 1

What is immediacy and what does it convey

Answer 1

immediacy is the creation of closeness, togetherness and oneness between speaker and listener.
when communicating immediacy you convey a sense of interest and attention, a liking for and attraction to the other person.

Question 2

Much of your relationship life is formed nonverbally this can be done through tie signs
What are tie signs

Answer 2

tie signs: indicate the way which your relationship is tied together and confirm the level of the relationship Ex. holding hands to see if this is responded to positive often used to let others know the two of you are tied together
Vary in intimacy from an informal handshake to arm linking

Question 3

when in conversation you give cues- signals that youre ready to speak. These cues ____ and ____ the interaction.

Answer 3

Regulate and structure

ex. verbal- “what do you think” non- verbal- head nod in the direction of another

Question 4

Example of non-verbally influencing and deceiving

Answer 4

Influence ex. dressing appropriately says “ill easily fit in with this organisation”, focused glance says youre committed
Deceive- mislead another person into thinking something is true when it is not ex. using facial expressions to give the impression you like them when you are only interested in gaining something from them

Question 5

What is truth and deception bias

Answer 5

truth bias: you assume someone is telling the truth
deception bias: assuming what the speaker is saying is a lie

Question 6

What behaviors were found to accompany lying the most

Answer 6

• holding back- slower speaking, longer response time, generally give less information or elaboration
  -leak- slight facial and eye movements may reveal the persons real feelings, process referred to as leakage. often result of “duping delight”- the pleasure you get from getting away with a lie
• making less sense- more discrepancies and inconsistencies
• more negative impression- generally, less willing to be cooperative, smile less, more defensive
• tense- high pitched voice and excessive body movements
• greater pupil dilation, more eye blinks, more gaze aversion
• higher vocal pitch- speaking as if they are under stress
• more errors and hesitations in speech- pause for longer periods of time
• more hand, leg and foot movements
• more self touching movements - ex. liars touch their face or hair and more objects

Question 7

Non- verbal communication includes a variety of channels such as:

Answer 7

Body messages, facial communication, eye communication, touch communication, paralanguage, silence, spatial messages and territoriality, artificial communication, olfactory messages and temporal communication

Question 8

Body ____ and body_____ are the two main ways the body communicates

Question 9

Kinesics- the study of communication through body movement - identifies five different types of body gestures:

Answer 9

embles, illustrators, affect displays, regulators, and adaptors

Question 10

emblems-

Answer 10

substitutes for words; body movements that have specific verbal translations, such as non-verbal signs for “peace”, “okay”, “be quiet”

Question 11

Illustrators-

Answer 11

accompany and literally illustrate verbal messages. make communications more vivid to maintain listeners attention
ex. in saying lets go, get up moving your finger in an upward direction

Question 12

Affect displays-

Answer 12

movements of the face that convey emotional meaning. May be intentional or unintentional.

Question 13

Regulators-

Answer 13

monitor, maintain, or control the speaking of another individual when listening, youre not passive; you nod your head, purse your lips, aujust your eye focus and make paraliguistic sounds such as “uh-huh” or “tsk”
also includes broad movements such as shaking your head to show disbeleif or leaning foward to show you want to hear more

non-verbally communicates phrases such as “keep going”, “tell me what else happened”.
“speed up” ect
regulators are culture bound: each culture develops its own rules for the regulation of conversation

Question 14

adaptors-

Answer 14

satisfy some need and usually go without conscious awareness, unintentional movements that usually go unnoticed.
nonverbal researchers identified three types of adaptors based on their focus, direction or target self adaptors, alter adaptors and object adaptors

Question 15

self adaptors-

Answer 15

usually satisfy a physical need, genrally to make you more comftable ex. scratching itch, licking dry lips, pushing hair out of face

Question 16

alter adaptors

Answer 16

body movements you make in response to interactions ex. moving closer to someone you like or crossing arms when someone unpleasent approaches

Question 17

object adaptors

Answer 17

movements that involve manipulation of an object ex. clicking pen, chewing a pencil, drawing on a styrofoam cup
usually signs of negative feelings; you emit more when feeling hostile then when feeling friendly