Non Verbal Communication Flashcards
What is intonation?
Inflection in the voice when speaking
What is paralinguistics?
Vocal features that accompany speech (tone of voice etc.)
What is emphasis?
Giving prominence to some words more than others
Describe Argyle, Alkema and Gilmours study into tone of voice
Aim- To see if tone of voice has any effect when interpreting a verbal message
Method- Different groups of participants listened to either friendly or hostile messages spoken in either friendly or hostile tones of voice. Therefore, some participants heard a friendly message spoken in a hostile tone of voice and a hostile message in a friendly tone of voice
Results- when participants were asked to interpret the messages, it was found that tone of voice had about five times the effect of the verbal message itself
Conclusion- Tone of voice is extremely important in how people interpret verbal messages
What is eye contact?
When two people are looking into each others eyes at the same time during conversation
What is pupil dilation?
When the pupils in the eyes expand to look large
What was Kendon’s study about?
How eye movements affect the flow of conversation
Describe Argyle’s study?
Aim- to see how interrupting eye contact affects eye contact
Method- pairs of participants were observed having conversations. In half of the conversations, one of the participants wore dark glasses so that the other could not receive eye contact
Results- when one of the participants wore dark glasses, there were more pauses and interruptions than when dark glasses wore not worn
Conclusion- eye contact is important in ensuring the smooth flow of conversation
What is non-verbal communication?
Conveying messages that do not require the use of words or vocal sounds
What was Hess’s study about?
To see the effect on pupil dilation on emotion (identical pictures except with different sized pupils, asked which was more attractive)
What was McGinleys study about?
Postural echo
