Non-Strabismic Conditions Flashcards
Low AC/A Conditions
convergence insufficiency
divergence insufficiency
AC/A under 3:1
Convergence Insufficiency
receded NPC low PFV- low BO fails + for BAF and NRA Exo greater at near low AC/A
Symptoms for Convergence Insufficiency
occur for reading/ near work
end of day
NPC for Convergence Insufficiency
repeated testing worstens results
recovery much different from break
Divergence Insufficiency
greater eso at distance
decreased NFV- low BI
comitant/ norm versions
Divergence Insufficiency Symptoms
intermittent diplopia
nausea, dizziness, car sick, light sensitivity
Diff between Divergence Insufficiency and 6th N Palsy
6- sudden onset
non-commitant
Diff between Divergence Insufficiency and Divergence Paralysis
paralysis- sudden diplopia or headaches
esotropia at distance
Treatment for Low AC/A Conditions
Divergence Insufficiency and Convergence Insufficiency
prism
VT
High AC/A Conditions
Convergence Excess
Divergence Excess
Convergence Excess
Eso at near, ortho at distance
reduced NFV- low BI
diff minus
Divergence Excess
greater exo at distance with high AC/A
low BO at distance, low BI at near
can have tropia
Simulated Divergence Excess
same as true divergence excess testing but near and far phorias are same
Treating High AC/A Conditions
Convergence and Divergence Excess
correct refractive error and vertical deviations
correct imbalance between eyes with lenses
VT, Prism
Lenses