Non-Strabismic Conditions

Question 1

Low AC/A Conditions

Answer 1

convergence insufficiency
divergence insufficiency
AC/A under 3:1

Question 2

Convergence Insufficiency

Answer 2

receded NPC 
low PFV- low BO
fails + for BAF and NRA
Exo greater at near
low AC/A

Question 3

Symptoms for Convergence Insufficiency

Answer 3

occur for reading/ near work

end of day

Question 4

NPC for Convergence Insufficiency

Answer 4

repeated testing worstens results

recovery much different from break

Question 5

Divergence Insufficiency

Answer 5

greater eso at distance
decreased NFV- low BI
comitant/ norm versions

Question 6

Divergence Insufficiency Symptoms

Answer 6

intermittent diplopia

nausea, dizziness, car sick, light sensitivity

Question 7

Diff between Divergence Insufficiency and 6th N Palsy

Answer 7

6- sudden onset

non-commitant

Question 8

Diff between Divergence Insufficiency and Divergence Paralysis

Answer 8

paralysis- sudden diplopia or headaches

esotropia at distance

Question 9

Treatment for Low AC/A Conditions

Divergence Insufficiency and Convergence Insufficiency

Answer 9

prism

VT

Question 10

High AC/A Conditions

Answer 10

Convergence Excess

Divergence Excess

Question 11

Convergence Excess

Answer 11

Eso at near, ortho at distance
reduced NFV- low BI
diff minus

Question 12

Divergence Excess

Answer 12

greater exo at distance with high AC/A
low BO at distance, low BI at near
can have tropia

Question 13

Simulated Divergence Excess

Answer 13

same as true divergence excess testing but near and far phorias are same

Question 14

Treating High AC/A Conditions

Convergence and Divergence Excess

Answer 14

correct refractive error and vertical deviations
correct imbalance between eyes with lenses
VT, Prism
Lenses