Non Religious Ideas - Fromm

Question 1

Fromm

Answer 1

Social psychologist, influenced by Marx and Freud
Guilt, shame and fear may arise out of fear of being rejected by Soc simply because Soc based on obedience to rules and conformity to norms
Most social systems- supreme virtue = obedience and supreme sin = disobedience

Question 2

Authoritarian conscience

Answer 2

1st approach, con derived from fear of displeasing auth, leads to guilt and shame and cause Ind to be subject to auth
Fear is so strong leads to rigid, blind thinking - not correct
Compromises of laws and sanctions by auth - internalised form of con
Good con when we please external aths and guilt when we displease auth - fear of being dissected by auth arises
If ppl follow con unquestionably may be happy but no inner contentment - self alienation under capitalism

Question 3

Humanistic conscience

Answer 3

Later concept
Asserted all humans have free will adn capacity to drive fro self actualisation
All able to judge and evaluate out beh. And ourselves as ppl - our own auth figures
Ppl. Liberate themselves from alienation - based on biophilia - love of and for all life
Intuitive knowledge of what’s human and inhuman
Reflect on who we really are and true to ourselves

Lot of time ppl can’t hear hum. Con. - overwhelming influence of auth con - repressed so fear guilty and try meet others standards and obey auth more

‘We are all possessors of humanistic conscience and victims of the authoritarian conscience’

Question 4

Eval

Answer 4

STRENGTHS:

Judges our success as humans and realising our potential
Aim to develop ourselves - virtue ethics

WEAKNESSES:

What about those brought up around neg. Auth - criminals
Inds can have diff auth cons - raised diff - change what makes us feel guilty so not inds fault