Non-Narcotic Pain Meds Flashcards
Antipyretics
A drug that has the ability to lower body temperature
Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug (NSAID)
Medication that inhibits the synthesis of prostaglandins
Used to prevent and treat mild to moderate pain and inflammation
Bleeding risk (GI)
Pyrogren
Fever causing agent
Prostaglandin
Protect stomach lining and promote blood clotting
Salicylism
Toxic effects of a salicylate drug
May occur with a an acute overdose or with chronic use of therapeutic doses, especially the higher doses taken for anti-inflammatory effects
Opioid Crisis
public health emergency characterized by a significant increase in opioid misuse, addiction, and overdose deaths prominently driven by prescription opioids and illicit drugs
Holistic Care
Non-Narcotic pain meds can be part of a comprehensive management plan, addressing different types of pain and patient needs without relying solely on opioids (ice and heat)
Acetaminophen (Tylenol)
Used for mild to moderate pain and fever
Ketorolac (Toradol)
Potent NSAID used for short-term management of moderate to sever pain. IM or IV
Do not use any longer than 5 days
Most common NSAIDS
Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Aspirin (also a salicylate)
NSAID Indications
inflammatory disorders, fever reduction, mild pain reliever
NSAID Mechanism of Action
Prohibit prostaglandin synthesis (COX-1 & COX-2)
With low inflammation> low prostaglandins> low pain receptor reaction
Acts on hypothalamus to reduce fever
NSAID Impact on healing
Will slow healing because of the reduction of inflammation which is a normal and necessary part of the healing process
NSAID Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Peaks 2-3 hours after ingestion (stomach& proximal small intestine)
Metabolism: Liver
Elimination: Kidneys (urine;primarily broken down in kidneys) or through bile
NSAID Adverse Effects
Nausea, dyspepsia, constipation, GI bleeds, epigastric pain, edema, nephrotoxicity, hypertension, respiratory (rare)
NSAID Toxicity
No fixed toxicity threshold; emphasizes patient education
Activated charcoal within 1-2 hours of ingestion
NO antidote
NSAID Drug-Drug Interactions
Anticoagulants, codeine/oxy/hydrocodone, corticosteroids, glucosteroids, and alcohol
NSAID Contraindications
Peptic ulcer disease, GI or other bleeding disorders, impaired renal function
NSAID Patient education
Stop taking 1 week before surgery
Take with food or milk
Concurrent use with opioids can help lower opioid dose
Tylenol Indications
Fever and pain
No GI bleeding risk or disruption to clotting
Tylenol Mechanism of Action
Acts directly on the hypothalamus to increase vasodilation and sweating, known pain MOA
Tylenol Pharmacokinetics
Absorption: Peaks 10-60 min immediate release, 60-120 min extended release
Metabolism: Liver (leaves metabolic waste product)
Excretion: Kidneys (urine); safe for kidney patients
Tylenol Adverse Effects
hepatotoxicity
Tylenol Toxicity
3.5-4 g per day from ALL sources
Activated charcoal within 4 hours of ingestion
Anti-dote: acetylcysteine; doesn’t reverse damage that is already sustained
