Non-metastatic manifestations of malignant disease Flashcards
What is Easton Lambert Syndrome?
Autoantibodies prevent acetylcholine from being released at muscle synapses
What are the signs of Eaton Lambert Syndrome?
- Proximal muscle weakness
- Intraocular muscle weakness (diplopia, ptosis)
- Pharyngeal muscle weakness (slurred speech, dysphagia)
What is Myasthenia Gravis?
Autoantibodies prevent acetylcholine from acting at muscle synapses
What is Myasthenia Gravis commonly associated with?
Thymoma
How can a lung cancer cause phrenic nerve palsy and how does it present?
Tumour causes nerve compression
Presentation:
- Diaphragm weakness
- SOB
What can small cell carcinoma cause?
- SIADH
- Cushing’s Syndrome
- Limbic encephalitis
What can squamous carcinoma cause?
- Hypertrophic osteoarthropathy
- Hyperparathyroidism
What can adenocarcinoma cause?
- Hypertrophic osteoarthropahy
What is hypertrophic osteoarthropathy?
New bone forming in the periosteum in the forearms and lower legs
- Patient will have pain and marked clubbing
What is a paraneoplastic syndrome?
Cancer fighting antibodies or T-cells mistakenly attack normal cells in the NS
What is limbic encephalitis?
Small cell carcinoma causes immune system to make antibodies against limbic system of the brain -> anti-Hu antibodies
What can limbic encephalitis cause?
- Short-term memory impairment
- Hallucinations
- Confusion
- Seizures
What are the rarer manifestations of lung cancer?
o Acanthosis o Polymyositis o Dermatomyositis o Cerebellar syndrome o Thrombophlebitis o Fits o Confusion o Neuropathy
What is acanthosis?
Brown-to-black, poorly defined, velvety hyperpigmentation of the skin usually found in the body folds
What is polymyositis?
Bilateral muscle weakness
