Non-infectious disease - Causes and effects

Question 1

causes of non infectious disease

Answer 1

Non-infectious diseases (non-communicable diseases) are not caused by a pathogen and are not contagious. Risk factors for developing a specific non-infectious disease are age, gender, economic and social conditions, culture, race, lifestyle, environment, genetics and nutrition.

Question 2

Incidence, prevalence and mortality

Answer 2

INCIDENCE – Number of new cases in a specific time

PREVALENCE – Number of people diagnosed with a disease that are still alive at a given time

MORALITY – Number of deaths at a given time

Question 3

genetic diseases

Answer 3

Genetic diseases are caused by mutations of the genes or chromosomes of an individual. It may also result as a result of abnormal cell division occurs.
E.g. Cystic fibrosis

Question 4

Environmental exposure

Answer 4

Environmental diseases are factors that individuals are exposed to in the environment surrounding them that causes disease.
Lifestyle
 E.g. lung cancer
Physical factors (sun)
 E.g. Melanoma
Exposure to chemicals
 E.g. Asbestosis

Question 5

Nutritional diseases

Answer 5

Nutritional diseases are caused by diets lacking the proper balance and amount of nutrients. This imbalance leads to malnutrition.
E.g. obesity