Non-Experimental Design Flashcards
Whom the data is collected from
- Sample
- Group
- Mass
a representative of the total population
Sample
can be smaller than a mass
Group
larger than a group
Mass
Methods used to collect the data
- Telephone
- Text messages
- Snail mail
- Email or other social media modalities
- Face-to-face interaction
Time orientation
- Retrospective
- Cross-sectional
- Longitudinal
Purpose or Objectives
- Descriptive
- Comparative
- Correlational
- Evaluative
- The investigations are conducted through self-report.
- Generally ask respondents to report on their attitudes, opinions, perceptions, or behaviors.
- Aim at describing characteristics, opinions, attitudes, and behaviors as they currently exist in a population. (Wilson, 1990)
Survey Studies
a representative of the total population
Sample
can be smaller than a mass
Group
larger than a group
Mass
The dependent variable is identified in the present and an attempt to determine the independent variable that occurred in the past.
Retrospective
The data are collected at a single point in time. The design requires subjects who are at different points, phases, or stages of an experience. The subjects are assumed to represent data collected from different time periods.
Cross-sectional
the researcher collects data from the same people at different times.
Longitudinal
This design is utilized for the purpose of accurately portraying a population that has been chosen because of some specific characteristics. It is also used to determine the extent or direction of attitudes and behaviors. It aims to gather more information on certain characteristics within a particular field of study.
Descriptive
This design is used to compare and contrast representative samples from two or more groups of subjects in relation to certain designated variables that occur in normal conditions.
Comparative
The design is used to investigate the direction and magnitude of relationships among variables in a particular population. It is designed to study the changes in one characteristics or phenomenon which correspond to the changes in another or with one another.
Correlational
This design involves making a judgement of worth or value. It allows the researcher to delineate, obtain, and provide information that is useful for judging decision alternatives when conducting a program or service.
Evaluative
