Non Enzymatic Proteins

Question 1

Process of G to F polymerization that requires ATP:

Answer 1

Actin polymerization

Question 2

Filament of long alpha helical section, elastic in nature found between nucleus and cytoplasm

Answer 2

Intermediate filaments

- keratin

Question 3

Largest of cyto skeletal filaments

Answer 3

Microtubules

• dimer first > polymerization
• 13

Question 4

What are some differences of intermediate filaments vs microflaments:

Answer 4

• elastic, multiple protein types, cell-cell adhesion

Question 5

Is actin polymerization Endergonic or exergonic? Why?

Answer 5

Endergonic, requires ATP hydrolysis

Question 6

Motor protein that use kinetic energy by utilizing ATP:

- direction transport

Answer 6

Kinesin > positive end > anterograde > forward/periphery of cell

Question 7

General kinesin structure

Answer 7

• head groups: feet
• stalk: two heavy chains
• head: two light chains carry cargo

Question 8

Directionality of Dyneins:

Answer 8

• retrograde > minus > center of cell

- two types: axoenamal = cilia, cytoplasmic = more common

Question 9

Unique cell adhesion molecule involved in cell signaling:

EX: cell division, differentiation, apoptosis

Answer 9

Integrins

Other: cahderins connect cell cytoskeleton to extra cellular matrix

Question 10

Junction that connect cytoskeleton/ECM of one cell to another: /EC

Answer 10

Anchoring junction

• Cadherin and actin
• Liver

Desmosome:

• cadherin and intermediate filaments
• bladder, epithelial cells, heart muscle: withstand force

Question 11

Location of tight junctions, preventing solute moving thru:

Answer 11

Blood brain barrier

Question 12

Adherin junctions that interact with intermediate filaments:

Answer 12

Desmosomes

• intermediate filaments to cytoskeleton of another cell or ECM
• Adherens junctions: interact with actin and intermediate filaments

Question 13

Ig found in mucous membranes (gut, resp tract, GI tract, mouth)

Answer 13

IgA

Question 14

Ig receptors on surface of naive B cells:

Answer 14

IgD

Question 15

Ig cell mediating allergic and antiparasitic response and release histamine:

Answer 15

IgA

Question 16

Early response antibodies in humoral/antibody mediate response:

Answer 16

IgM

Question 17

Most abundant antibody in body, only one across placenta, does most work in the body:

Answer 17

IgG

Question 18

What is class switching of isotype antibodies?

Answer 18

• B cells can modify constant domain of heavy chain

- light chain repurposed, same antigen, new tasks

Question 19

ELISA assay:

Answer 19

Carefully chosen assays to look at antibody of interest

Question 20

What kind of molecules are metal cations when associated with enzymes:

Answer 20

They are inorganic cofactors

- common co factors

Question 21

Coenzyme definition

Answer 21

Organic molecules that bind to enzymes for helpful function

- NAD/FAD

Question 22

How is calcium transported out of the cell?

Answer 22

Usually via secondary transport with anti porter

• sodium calcium exchange
• anti porter needs gradient