Non- Commicable Diseases

Question 1

What are non communicable diseases?

Answer 1

They are diseases that can’t spread from one person to another

Question 2

What are examples of non communicable diseases?

Answer 2

Asthma, cancer and Coronary heart disease

Question 3

Four risk factors of non communicable diseases?

Answer 3

Age, genes, lifestyle and environment

Question 4

What are the two types of tumours?

Answer 4

Benign and malignant

Question 5

What are benign tumours?

Answer 5

Benign tumours grow in one place and are usually contained In a membrane and don’t invade other tissues.

Question 6

What are malignant tumours?

Answer 6

Malignant tumours invade neighbouring healthy tissues and can split, releasing small clumps of cells that spread around the body.

Question 7

What health effects do benign tumours have on the body?

Answer 7

They can grow very large and clumpy. They can damage organs which can be life threatening

Question 8

What are the health effects of malignant tumours on the body?

Answer 8

Malignant tumours can split into pieces which are carried in the blood causing a second tumour to be formed.

Question 9

Name four factors that might make tumours to develop

Answer 9

Genetic factors, mutations, ionising radiation and virus infections

Question 10

What is radiotherapy?

Answer 10

Radiotherapy is where cancer cells are destroyed by targeted does of radiation. It stops mitosis but can damage healthy cells

Question 11

What is chemotherapy?

Answer 11

Chemotherapy is when chemicals are used to to stop cells dividing and make them self destruct

Question 12

State the three components of tobacco smoke

Answer 12

It gives a sensation of calm, well being and ‘being able to cope’

Question 13

What effect does nicotine have on the body?

Answer 13

Nicotine makes the smoker addicted

Question 14

What effect does carbon monoxide have on the body?

Answer 14

It poisons the smoker and takes up the blood

Question 15

What effect does tobacco have on the body?

Answer 15

It causes long lasting effect and damages the tissue

Question 16

How does smoking effect pregnancy?

Answer 16

It makes the woman carry more carbon monoxide. It makes the foetus not grow properly as it doesn’t receive as much oxygen. It also could lead to premature babies, low birthweight babies and still births

Question 17

How does smoking effect the heart?

Answer 17

It narrows blood vessels, damages the lining of the arteries, increases cell formation leading to heart attacks ,CHD and strokes

Question 18

How does nicotine effect the heart?

Answer 18

It increases heart rate

Question 19

Why is it important to have some fat?

Answer 19

You need some body fat to cushion your internal organs and act as an energy store

Question 20

What is type 2 diabetes?

Answer 20

Type 2 diabetes is when you’re body doesn’t make enough insulin to control you blood sugar levels or your cells stop responding to insulin

Question 21

What problems can type 2 diabetes lead to?

Answer 21

It leads to problems with circulation, kidney function and eyesight. It could also lead to death

Question 22

Why are people who exercise regularly healthier than people who do little exercise?

Answer 22

Exercise builds cardiovascular fitness so people who exercise are more likely to have healthier hearts and bigger lungs than people who don’t do exercise.

Question 23

What are healthy people less likely to get?

Answer 23

They are less likely to be overweight, have type 2 diabetes, have high blood pressure and heart disease

Question 24

What is a carcinogen?

Answer 24

A carcinogen is an addictive substance that increases the risk of cancer developing

Question 25

How does alcohol the nervous system generally?

Answer 25

Makes slow thought processes, slow reflexes and slow reactions

Question 26

How does alcohol affect the nervous system in small amounts?

Answer 26

Makes the drinker feel relaxed, cheerful and reduces stress

Question 27

How does alcohol affect the nervous system in large amounts?

Answer 27

It gives the drinker a lack of self control and a lack of judgement

Question 28

How does alcohol affect the liver?

Answer 28

Liver cirrhosis can happen. This is when the tissue is destroyed and replaced with scar tissue that can’t carry out viral functions

Question 29

How does alcohol affect the brain?

Answer 29

It produces brain damage, leading to a soft and pulpy structure of the brain meaning it can no longer function properly

Question 30

How does alcohol impact pregnancy?

Answer 30

It passes along the placenta into the foetus and can lead to facial abnormalities like problems with the teeth, jaw and hearing. Kidney, liver, heart problems and learning difficulties can occur.