Nomenclature

Question 1

Ionic Compounds

Answer 1

The name of the metal stays the same (for main groups 1, 2, and 3/13) while the non-metal’s ending changes to “-ide”

Question 2

Rule for transition metals

Ionic Compounds

Answer 2

Transitional metals have their charges stated through the classical naming system or the stock naming system

Question 3

Classical naming system

Transition metals in ionic compounds

Answer 3

• Created by Guyton de Morveau
• Uses the latin name of the element
• Name metals with suffixes - “-ic” means larger charge and “-ous” means smaller charge
• Only works with metals that have two charges

Example: Ferric chloride (FeCl3 - Fe/Iron has a charge of 3+ and 2+)

Question 4

Stock naming system

Transition metals in ionic compounds

Answer 4

• Created by Alfred Stock
• Uses roman numerals to indicate the charge

Exmaple: Manganese (VI) oxide (MnO3 - Mn/Manganese charge is 6+)

Question 5

What is a polyatomic ion?

Polyatomic compounds

Answer 5

A group of atoms joined together by covalent bonds that posseses a charge

Bunch of atoms functioning together as one atom with a charge (ion)

Question 6

Covalent compounds

Answer 6

Prefixes that state the amount of atoms of that element are in the bond and the second element still has their ending changed to “-ide”

Question 7

Prefixes used

Covalent compounds

Answer 7

1. Mono-
2. Di-
3. Tri-
4. Tetra-
5. Penta-
6. Hexa-
7. Hepta-
8. Octa-
9. Nona-
10. Deca-

Omit “mono-“ from the first atom

Question 8

Binary compounds with Hydrogen

Answer 8

Do not specify the number of each hydrogen atom

Question 9

Metal + Hydrogen

Binary compounds

Answer 9

Name the metal, then add “hydride”

Example: LiH - Lithium hydride

Question 10

Non-metal + Hydrogen (Acid)

Binary compounds

Answer 10

Add “hydro-“ in front of the metal, then change the ending to “-ic acid”

Example: HCl - Hydrochloric acid

All acids are aqueous

Question 11

Hydrates

Answer 11

Compounds associated with water (write the compound name, then add hydrate at the end - use prefixes if there is more than one water molecule)

Example: CuSO4 * 5H2O - copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate

Question 12

Oxyacids

Answer 12

Compounds formed when H combines with a polyatomic atom containing O2

Question 13

Naming Oxyacids

Answer 13

• The word “Hydrogen” is dropped
• Suffixes for the polyatomic ion is changed (-ite becomes -ous acid/ -ate becomes -ic acid)
• Prefixes are still the same (hypo- and per-)