Nomenclature Flashcards
What does Alicyclic mean?
When 3 or more carbon atoms are linked in a ring
What does aliphatic mean?
Carbon chains connected by single, double or triple bonds
What does aromatic mean?
Organic compounds that contain a benzene ring
Define a functional group
Part of a compound that is responsible for all chemical functions
Define a homologous series
Family which all have the same heneral formula and chemical properties but differ by a CH2 group
Draw cyclobutane
Square
What is the definition of isomerism?
Molecules that have the same molecular formula but different structural formula
Draw a benzene ring
Hexagonal with 3 alternating double bonds and a y shaped ethyl group
What is the definition of a nucleophile?
Lone pair donor with negative charge, attacks electron deficient areas
What is the definition of an electrophile?
Lone pair acceptor with positive charge, attacks electron rich areas
What is the definition of a free radical?
Highly reactive specie with an unpaired electron
What does a curly arrow represent?
Movement of a pair of electrons
What is homolytic fission?
When a covalent bond breaks and both of the bonded atoms take one of the electrons from the shared pair
What is heterolytic fission?
When a covalent bond breaks and only one of the bonded atoms takes both of the electrons in the shared pair
What is an addition reaction?
When you add something to a reaction making only 1 product so has 100% atom economy
What is a substitution reaction?
When one atom is replaced by another
What is an elimination reaction?
A smaller molecule usually water is removed creates 2 products
Define a hydrocarbon
A molecule that contains carbon and hydrogen only
