Alcohols Flashcards
What is the general formula for an alcohol?
CnH2n+1OH
What can ethanoic acid be used for
fuel
What is fragmentation?
Glucose creates ethanol and carbon dioxide at 25 degrees celsius using enzymes that die at 15% alcohol
Why are alcohols soluble in polar and non polar solvents?
Due to hydrogen bonds
What does votality mean?
How easy it is for liquids to turn to gases
Name some properties of alcohols
As chain length increases so does non polarity
Solubility decreases
More London forces
High boiling points
Stability increases
What oxidising agent is used with alcohols?
Acidification potassium dichromate
What colour does a solution go if oxidised with acidification potassium dichromate?
Orange to green
Draw the functional group for an aldehyde, carboxylic acid and a ketone
Aldehyde R-C double bond O single bond H
Carboxylic acid R-C double bond O single bond OH
Ketone R-C double bond O
What do primary alcohols form when partially oxidised?
Aldehyde
What do primary alcohols form when fully oxidised?
Carboxylic acid
What does a secondary alcohol form?
Ketone
How are aldehyde formed?
Distilation
How are carboxylic acids formed?
Reflux
How are ketone formed?
Reflux
What type of reaction is dehydration and what does dehydration of an alcohol form?
Elimination reaction forming an alkene and water
What type of reaction is it when an alcohol reacts with a hydrogen halide?
Substitution reaction
What type of reaction is it when an alcohol reacts with a hydrogen halide?
Substitution reaction
