Noise Pollution Flashcards
What is Noise Pollution?
Any unwanted or disturbing sound that affects quality of life.
Defined as “any audible energy that affects physiological and psychological well-being.”
What is the difference between Sound and Noise?
Sound: Detectable pressure changes in air.
Noise: Unpleasant, unwanted sound causing distraction or harm.
What are the main sources of Noise Pollution?
Transportation: Traffic, railways, aircraft.
Construction: Bulldozers, jackhammers, compressors.
Industry: Factories, machinery, loud equipment.
Household: Loudspeakers, air conditioners, vacuum cleaners.
What are the acceptable noise levels?
Normal tolerance level: 80 dB(A).
Above 80 dB is considered noise pollution.
What are the health effects of Noise Pollution?
Physiological: High blood pressure, sleep disruption, hearing loss.
Psychological: Stress, anxiety, reduced concentration.
Cognitive: Reduced work efficiency, memory loss.
What is Temporary Threshold Shift (TTS)?
Recovery of hearing after noise exposure.
What is Permanent Threshold Shift (PTS)?
Irreversible damage to ear cells.
What are the symptoms of hearing damage?
Ringing in ears (tinnitus).
Difficulty hearing soft or high-pitched sounds.
Trouble understanding speech in noisy environments.
What are the non-auditory effects of Noise Pollution?
Increased blood pressure, heart rate, and stress hormones.
Interference with speech and communication.
Reduced morale and productivity in workplaces.
How is noise measured?
Decibels (dB): Logarithmic scale used for loudness.
Sound Level Meters: Measure sound pressure variations.
Dosimeters: Monitor exposure over time.
What are the permissible exposure levels (PEL)?
90 dB(A) for 8-hour exposure. Hearing protection required at 85 dB(A) or above.
What are some noise reduction methods?
Source Reduction: Using quieter machinery, regular servicing.
Path Reduction: Installing sound barriers, soundproofing buildings.
Receptor Control: Ear protection (earplugs, earmuffs).
What are the types of hearing protection devices?
Ear Plugs: Disposable, comfortable, but must be properly inserted.
Canal Caps: Easy to wear, but may not seal properly.
Ear Muffs: Effective but uncomfortable in hot weather.
What are urban and industrial noise control strategies?
Traffic regulations: Speed limits, smoother vehicle flow.
Zoning laws: Factories away from residential areas.
Noise barriers: Earth berms, wooden fences, green belts.
