NMSK I/II: Guest Lecture LE Bracing Flashcards
Dr. G
(True/False): The AFO Three-Point Bending System prevents plantarflexion.
True
The AFO Three-Point Bending System prevents inversion.
True
Thermoplastics conform to the body when custom fitted and are ___________ and ___________.
Lightweight and easy to mold
(True/False): Metals are strong and heavy but do not work well if there are volume fluctuations.
True
What are the three types of materials used in orthotics?
Metals, Thermoplastics, Composite Materials (e.g. carbon fiber)
What is the primary gait deviation seen in DF paresis or paralysis?
Steppage gait (increased hip and knee flexion during swing)
(True/False): DF paresis or paralysis leads to a decreased step length and decreased time to foot flat.
True
Metal Upright Articulating AFOs do not work well for individuals with ___________ or ___________.
Limb volume fluctuations; Abnormal foot position
Where are the trimlines positioned in a Posterior Leaf Spring AFO?
Posterior to the malleoli
(True/False): Posterior Leaf Spring AFOs are not suitable for individuals with moderate to severe hypertonicity.
True
What key function does the Anterior Floor Reaction AFO provide for weak or absent gastro-soleus muscles?
Compensates for weak or absent gastro-soleus muscles
Anterior Floor Reaction AFOs facilitate the ___________ to help with knee extension.
Plantarflexion-knee extension couple
Anterior Floor Reaction AFOs are not appropriate for individuals with ___________ or ___________.
Knee ligamentous instability; Genu recurvatum
What is one of the key functions of Energy Return AFOs during the swing phase?
Assist limb clearance in swing
Energy Return AFOs help position the ___________ for initial contact.
heel
RANCHO R.O.A.D.M.A.P.
Recommendations for Orthotic
Assessment, Decision-Making,
And Prescription
True or False: An AFO highly recommended for acute stroke patients?
False: should not be provided due to spasticity
In ASIA C, less than ½ of key muscles below the level of injury have a muscle grade greater than or equal to _______.
3
In ASIA D, motor incomplete means that at least _______ of key muscles below the level of injury have a muscle grade greater than or equal to 3.
½
What muscle weakness makes a patient a candidate for a KAFO?
Hip extensors weakness or quad strength less than 3+/5
KAFOs are appropriate for patients with impaired or absent ___________.
Proprioception
What knee joint design is used for stabilization of a flail knee with some knee extensor moment and free knee motion?
Offset Unlocked
Which knee joint design stabilizes a flail knee without the use of knee extensors or free knee motion?
Single Axis Locked
What knee joint design is indicated for stabilization of a flail knee with a contracture?
Offset Locked (with contracture)
To control genu recurvatum, which knee joint designs can be used? (Name at least one)
Single Axis Locked, Offset Unlocked, or Offset Locked
Question: What issue do stance control KAFOs prevent during the stance phase?
Knee buckling
HKAFOs are appropriate for patients with __________ weakness of the hips.
(True/False): HKAFOs are typically used in physical therapy (PT) sessions.
Extreme
True
What is the minimum hip flexor strength required to advance the limb forward while using an HKAFO?
At least 2/5
