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NLW test 1 > NLW Test 2 OC/Taser > Flashcards

NLW Test 2 OC/Taser Flashcards

1
Q

when was oc first used and by whom for what and how

A

OC was created in 2000 B.C. during the wars between China and India. Dried red peppers were used with rice paper (burned, shot by arrow or thrown. or thrown into faces.)

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2
Q

In 1930

A

U.S. Military developed OC, but found no effective use for military

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3
Q

In 1960

A

USPS started carrying OC to repel dogs at .35% volume

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4
Q

In 1974

A

The Gardener Whitcomb developed the first commercial OC product in his home in Florida. called “capstun”

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5
Q

In 1987

A

The FBI fire arms training unit began experimenting and testing with OC

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6
Q

In 1990 January

A

OC was adopted by the FBI

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7
Q

3 most commonly used chemical compounds

A

OC- Oleoresin Capsicum ( mostly an oily resin)
CN- Lachrymator (micro particulate)
CS- Irritant (micro particulate)

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8
Q

Oleoresin

A

A mixture of resin, and essential oil found naturally in plants

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9
Q

Capsicum

A

Any plant in the Capsicum genus.
range from mild-hot
enclosed in potted or bell shaped pericap

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10
Q

Oleoresin Capsicum

A

oil of capsicum

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11
Q

Pungency

A

The heat or intensity of the pepper

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12
Q

Capsaicinoids

A

alkaloid compounds naturally occurring within the fats, oils, and waxes of the pepper plant. the amount of these compounds determines the pungency.

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13
Q

Capsaicin

A

most prevalent of the 7 compounds found in capsaicinoids.
is the active ingredient in OC
measured by high pressure liquid chromatography.

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14
Q

Scoville heat units

A

Scale used to determine the perception of heat based upon the capsaicinoid content of the plant

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15
Q

Solvents

A

liquid substance capable of dissolving or dispensing one or more other substances

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16
Q

Emulsifier

A

Bonds two or more liquids together

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17
Q

Carrier

A

the ingredients other than the OC that comprise the OC formula

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18
Q

Propellant

A

the gas or liquid that propels the OC from canister to target

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19
Q

Stage 1

A

Harvesting the peppers
dry and micro pulverize them
extract caps.
add solvents to remove waxes, oils, fats this mixture is called Miscella
distillation occurs, OC is left behind must be diluted

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20
Q

Stage 2

A
  • Oil based blend to desired level of pungency, end will be 4.0% and 1million SHU
  • water diluted, add emulsifier
  • ensure refinement process W/F/O removed
  • Caps content lowered because of dilution
  • Water based OC is non flammable
  • 2% caps content, 500k SHU
21
Q

Stage 3

A

Manufacturers must dilute the OC to specific pungency level to ensure capsaicin is evenly dispursed

Oil based- must be mixed with industrial based solvents
ensure refinement removed F/O/W
5% pepper spray

water- small solvents and emulsifier used to evenly disperse the caps

  • 9:1 mix
  • 10% oc
22
Q

maradmin458/08

A

caps content .18-.22, non-flammable and non carcinogenic

23
Q

Spray patterns

A

fog small
stream medium
foam large

24
Q

Mk4 fog

A

aerosol style ( wide cone)
micro droplets that cover eyes nose and face
range 3-8
min safe 36

25
Q

Mk4 stream

A

more concentrated contamination
max effect 3-12 ft
min safe 36

26
Q

Mk4 foam

A

max effect 3-5
min safe 36 in
used for close/tight or low light conditions

27
Q

methods of delivery

A

Up/down- fog OC
side to side ( ear to ear)- Stream OC
spiral- Fog OC

28
Q

Mk9 Fog

A 
distributes large quantity of OC into vast area
contains 1lbs of OC
range 6-15 ft
multi burst crowd control weapon
displace O2 in tight spaces
min safe 6 ft
MoD- nose to mouth
29
Q

Mk9 stream

A

more controlled stream, minimizes cross contamination.
particulates don’t last long in air, blind enemy instead
6-15 ft
ear to ear motion
min safe 6ft

30
Q

MK9 Foam

A 
large quantities of OC into vast area
1Lbs of OC
6-9ft
used in closed spaces with poorly ventilated areas
displace O2
min safe 6ft
circular motion
31
Q

m64 riot extinguisher

A

Large quantities of OC in a more controlled fashion minimizing cross contamination …
-visually impair multiple subjects
-12-30ft
min safe 12 ft
ear to ear above subjects head to prevent respiratory issues from saturated clothing.

32
Q

Hydraulic needle effect

A

when OC particulate penetrates the soft tissue of the eye.

due to being to close with pressurized can

33
Q

employment consideration

A 
Cross contamination 
Flames/carcinogenic 
awareness
target area/spray volume
employment formula
34
Q

first defense OC

A

non flammable or carcinogenic, used by Usmc meets maradmin458/08

35
Q

3 levels of contamination

A

Level 1 - Direct physical contact
Level 2- Indirect or secondary contact with OC
Level 3- entering a contaminated zone

36
Q

Physiological effects

A 
eyes shutting
Involuntary movement of hands to face
burning sensation of eyes, mucus membranes, burning skin
mucus secretion
shortness of breath
37
Q

psychological effects

A

Anxiety
fear
panic ( the reality of ones fears)

38
Q

methods of Draw OC

A

Strong side draw
Cross draw
tactical assist

39
Q

Stances

A

2 handed stance
one handed stance
2 handed conceal carry front
low profile carry

40
Q

in custody handling

A

restrain
transport
detain

41
Q

3 major causes of death while in custody

A

lack of supervision
failing to provide immediate physical relief
improper documentation

42
Q

sudden in custody death syndrome

A

positional asphyxia

43
Q

shelf life and storage

A

120degrees - 32 degrees climate controlled, mk4 and mk9 5 years mk46 3 years

44
Q

central nervous system

A

command center ( brain and spinal cord) processes information and make decisions.

45
Q

Sensory nervous system

A

nerves that carry info from the body to the brain, touch temp

46
Q

motor nervous

A

nerves that carry commands from the brain to muscles that control movement

47
Q

carpet static discharge

A

30,000v

48
Q

1200v peak (x26 into body)

A

50,000 volts

NLW test 1 (6 decks)

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