Nitrogen and Sulfur

Question 1

What percentage of air is Nitrogen?

Answer 1

78%

Question 2

Why is nitrogen so inert?

Answer 2

Due to the triple diatomic covalent bond between the molecules

Question 3

Which process produces ammonia?

Answer 3

Haber process

Question 4

Write an equation for the haber process

Answer 4

N2(g) + 3H2(g) ⇌ 2NH3(g)

Question 5

Write the dissociation of ammonia in water

Answer 5

NH3(aq) + H2O(l) ⇌ NH4+(aq) + OH-(aq)

Question 6

What is the shape of ammonia molecule?

Answer 6

Pyramidal

Question 7

What is the shape of a ammonium molecule?

Answer 7

Tetrahedral

Question 8

Give an example of an acid-base reaction that produces ammonia

Answer 8

(an ammonium salt and a base) 2NH4Cl (s) + Ca(OH)2 (s) –> CaCl2 (s) + 2H2O (l) + 2NH3 (g)

Question 9

How can nitrogen dioxide be reduced back to nitrogen?

Answer 9

By reacting with carbon monoxide on the surface of catalytic converters

Question 10

Why are nitrogen dioxides primary polluters?

Answer 10

Because they are given off directly into the air from the source of pollution.

Question 11

What are two examples of sources of pollution?

Answer 11

car exhausts and power plants

Question 12

What does VOC stand for?

Answer 12

volatile organic compound

Question 13

What is the product of the reaction of VOCs with nitrogen dioxide?

Answer 13

peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN)

Question 14

what conditions are needed for the reaction between VOCs and nitrogen dioxide to occur?

Answer 14

Sunlight (its a photochemical reaction)

Question 15

What is an example of harmful pollutants found in smog?

Answer 15

peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN)

Question 16

What does PAN affect?

Answer 16

lungs, eyes and plantlife

Question 17

What is the equation which shows the production of acid rain using nitrogen dioxide?

Answer 17

NO2(aq) + H2O(l) + 1½O2(g) → 2HNO3(aq)

Question 18

In which reaction do nitrogen oxides act as a catalyst and write down both reactions.

Answer 18

Reaction of conversion of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide:
NO2(g) + SO2(g) → SO3(g) + NO(g)
then right after:
NO(g) + ½ O2(g) → NO2(g)

Question 19

What is the equation of formation of ammonium nitrate

Answer 19

HNO3 + NH3 -> NH4NO

Question 20

What is the bond angle and name of ammonia?

Answer 20

107 degrees, trigonal pyramidal

Question 21

What type of species would decrease the effectiveness of ammonia chloride as a fertilizer?

Answer 21

Bases

Question 22

What is the formula of ammonium sulphate?

Answer 22

(NH4)2SO4