Nitrates Flashcards
What is the drug class for nirtroglycerin
Nitrate: vasodilator
What is the action of nitroglycerin?
increases coronary blood flow by dialating cornonary arteroies and improving blood flow to ischemic regions.
- decreases blood flow –>reduces myocardial O2 consumption
What are the indications for nitroglycerin
Angina pectoris
HTN
HF
MI
Administration of nitroglycerin
Rapid and short acting
- sublingual, oral spray, IV
Long term
- trans-dermal, topical ointment
Adverse effects of nitroglycerin
- Orthostatic hypotension flushing tolerance headache N/V reflex tachycardia
Caution/contraindications for nitroglycerin
hypotension hypovolmeia severe anemia cardiomyopathy increased cranial pressure renal/hepatic insufficiency syncope
Interactions with nitroglycerin
Alcohol - vasodialators other nitrates - ertecile dysfunction drugs heparin
Nursing considerations for nitroglycerin (before admin)
assessment of pain and vitals (BP)
History (HTN)
lab: CBC, hepatic lipid profile
- give smallest dose
nursing considerations after dose of nitroglycerin
Monitor vitals
- pain assessment
education for nitroglycerin
- store in a dark, cool, dry place in OG container
- slow position changes
- take before physical activity
teaching for sublingual nitroglycerin
- if pain persists give 3 total doses 5 minutes apart if pain dose not resolve call 911
- take before activity
- can take with sip of water
- do not chew or swallow
- avoid food a drink for 15 minutes after
- normal for burning or tingling under tongue
teaching for transdermal patch of nitroglycerin
- apply new patch each day at new hairless spot
nursing considerations of IV nitroglycerin
- IV bag in sleeve to block light
- give 12 lead ekg
