Nigeria Case Study Flashcards
Where is Nigeria located?
It is a former colony of the UK in West Africa, with an Atlantic Ocean coastline.
It borders with Benin, Chad, Niger and Cameroon.
What is the regional importance of Nigeria?
1- Nigeria has Africa’s biggest economy, a huge military budget and is active in the West African and African continent.
2- It is experiencing rapid population growth. It has the largest population in Africa, and in 2040 it is predicted to be the fourth most populated country in the world.
3- Nigeria is rich in oil, and this makes up 75% of its government’s money. Nigeria is making increased amounts of money from manufacturing and services. It is the third largest manufacturing sector in Africa.
What is Nigeria’s importance internationally?
1- It is experiencing rapid economic growth and has the world’s highest GDP growth for 2010-15
2- Nigeria’s Marin trading partners include the EU, USA, India and Brazil.
3- Nigeria is very politically active. Regionally it is an important member of ECOWAS, and the African Union. Globally it is the fifth largest contributor to UN peace keeping missions.
What is the political context of Nigeria?
Since gaining independence in 1960, Nigeria suffered instability, including a civil war. This led to halted development and corruption.
They have had a stable government however, since 1999, and elections in 2011 and 2015 were deemed free and fair.
,any countries such as China, the USA and South Africa are now investing in Nigeria.
What is the social context for Nigeria?
- Nigeria has a higher birth rate than the Uk, 38/1000, compared to 12/1000. Life expectancy = 53. Literacy rate = 61%.
- Nigeria is a multi-faith, multi-ethnic country. This is a source of strength and conflict.
- the south (Christian) is richer than the north (Muslim). This economic inequality has created religious tensions.
What is the environmental context of Nigeria?
- Northern Nigeria is a semi-desert whereas southern Nigeria has high annual rainfall. Temperatures are high across the country.
- hardy crops such as millet and groundnuts are grown in north, higher value cocoa, oil palm and rubber can be grown in the south.
- climate change and population pressure is leading to soil erosion and desertification in the North.
What was Nigeria’s traditional industry?
Nigeria’s main exports were agricultural products like coal, timber and cotton. However this changed with the discovery of oil fields, which now accounts for 98% of export earnings.
How is Nigeria’s economy changing?
- it is shifting from mainly primary to the secondary and service sector, such as manufacturing. Means a more balanced economy.
- a stable government and availability of oil has lead to industrialisation, and economic growth.
- today manufacturing accounts for 10% of Nigeria’s GDP.
What TNCs are present in Nigeria?
Includes: Shell, VW and Nestle.
A TNC usually has its headquarters in the HIC it started in, with manufacturing taking place in LIC or NEE countries, where labour costs are lower.
What are the Advantages of Shell for Nigeria?
- Provide employment in factories. 65,000 Nigerians work for Shell.
- TNCs like shell pay tax, which can be used for investment.
- TNCs invest in local infrastructure and education.
What are the Disadvantages to Nigeria from companies like shell?
- the activities of TNCs like shell can pollute the environment. Shell has been involved in many oil spills. This leads to water and agricultural pollution.
- local workers are paid and treated poorly. Also, management jobs often go to foreign employees.
- much of the profit generated by a TNC goes back to its headquarters.
Why does Nigeria require aid?
Although it’s economy is the largest in Africa, 35% of its people live below the national poverty line. Nigeria’s poor also have limited access to services such as safe water. 60% of those in poverty live in the North, and more than 75% live in rural areas.
How much aid has Nigeria received?
Nigeria receives around 4% of all aid given to Africa. Most aid comes from individual countries, such as the US and the UK.
What are the benefits of aid given to Nigeria?
- the most successful projects are community based, helping those living in poverty.
- the UK department for International Development has funded a health and HIV programme, providing health education in rural areas.
- the “nets for life” scheme provides education and Malaria prevention, and distributes anti-mosquito nets for many households.
What are the Disadvantages of aid given in Nigeria?
Official aid given in Nigeria through the government has been less effective than aid given to communities.
This is mainly due to corruption in the government, and there are claims that aid money has been diverted to other areas such as building up the navy.
