Nigeria Flashcards
Original government system
Westminster Parliamentary model
3 major ethnicities
Hausa-Fulani(29%), Yoruba(21%), Igbo(18%)
Largest disease
HIV/AIDS
Parastatals (4)
- State-Owned Enterprises
- provide public utilities
- control major industries
- provide commercial and social welfare services
Exports depends solely on :
Oil (90%)
British rule and its effect
- Indirect rule: local traditional rulers and political structures were used to help support the colonial governing structure.
- the north( having benefited less from economic, educational, and infrastructural benefits of colonialism) set out to redistribute resources to their benefit; “northernization”
Clientelism
Liked to clients by ethnic, religious, or cultural ties
Obasanjo’s greates economic achievement
Paying off most of nigeria’s foreign debt
Abacha (5)
- prolonged traditional military dominance, combining repression with frequent public promises to restore constitutional democracy.
- (like babangida) he announced a new program of transition to civilian rule and regularly delayed the steps in its implementation.
- cracked down on political opposition, constricted civil liberties and political rights, and formented corruption on a massive scale.
- allowed all the oil refineries to collapse(had to import oil).
- his family was put into political power and monopolized contracts.
Babangida (4)
- announced a program to democratic rule.
- stalling tactics to extend time in office.
- became infamous for his administration
- SAP
Effects of oil (2)
- generated tremendous income.
- became a source of external dependency and damaged the economy.
North (6)
- hausa-fulani
- muslim
- neglected by the british
- ruled
- more populated
- maintained identity
South (4)
- yoruba and igbo
- favored by the british
- oil
- christians
2 worst leaders
Abacha and Babangida
Religion
For muslims, the shari’a represents a way of life and supreme(personal) law that transcends secular and state law; for christians, the expansion of the shari’a law threatens the secular nature of the nigerian state and their position within it.
PDP - People’s Democratic Party
(3)
- party of obasanjo(62% votes in 2003; christian from north
- PDP gained majority in national assembly
- voter fraud
ANPP - All Nigera People’s Party
(3)
- general buhari
- muslims from north
- ran against obasanjo
Elections (3)
- national levels, citizens vote for the president, repres. to the national assembly, and senators from their states
- presidents must receive 25% of the votes in 2/3 if the state
- senate has 109 senators, 3 from each of the 36 states
Media (4)
- well developed, independent press
- press reflects ethnic divisions in the country
- outspoken and critical newspapers mainly in the south
- radio is the main source of information
Judiciary and cases (5)
- judicial review suspended
- responsible for interpreting laws in accordance with constitution(jr).
- shari’a courts parallel to british model.
- Winner of the 1993 election, abiolao was detained and died in custody.
- in 1995, activist ken saro-wiwa, and 8 others were detained and executed under court orders arranged by the military.
SAP - structural adjustment program
(2)
- nigeria seeks assistance from international organizations to deal with debt crisis
- world bank and IFM involvement( restructure nigerian economy, privatize parastatals, and cut government spending)
Privatization (2)
- SOE’s would be sold to private investors.
- intended to generate revenue, reduce state expenditures, and improve efficiency.
EFCC - Economic and Financial Criminal Commission
Nigerian law enforcement agency that investigates financial crimes
Economic collapse (3)
- biafra war
- drought that led to famine
- production of oil
Women role (2)
- underrepresented at all levels of the government system
- dominated agricultural production( also trading)
Groups responsible for instability in Niger Delta
Ijaw ( maybe MEND)
How did obasajo stay in power?
(3)
- gained control of the PDP
- massive fraud
- manipulate yar’adua
