Federalism

Question 0

“Full faith and credit”

Answer 0

-states have to respect the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state.

Question 1

Federalism

Answer 1

-a political system in which ultimate authority is shared (divided in reality) between a central government and state or regional government.

Question 2

“Privileges and immunities”

Answer 2

-a state may not discriminate against citizens from another state.

Question 3

Necessary and proper clause

Answer 3

-(art.1, sec.8) authorizes congess to pass all laws “necessary and proper” to carry out the enumerated (listed) powers. (Implied)

Question 4

Nullification

Answer 4

-states had the right to “nullify” (declare null and void) a federal law that, in the states’ opinion, violated the constitution.
(no longer exist; ended in the civil war)

Question 5

Dual Federalism

Answer 5

-national (federal) government and state government each have defined areas of authority.
(died in the 1930’s, during the Great Depression)

Question 6

Sovereignty

Answer 6

-supreme or ultimate political authority; legally and politically independent of any other government.

Question 7

Devolution

Answer 7

-the transfer of power to a lower level (federal to state).

Question 8

Police power

Answer 8

-the power of the states to promote health, safety, and morals. (10th amendment)

Question 9

Initiative (petition)

Answer 9

• a procedure allowing voters to submit a proposed law to a popular vote by obtaining a required number of signatures. (issue a ballot)

Question 10

Referendum

Answer 10

-the practice of submitting a law to a popular vote at election time (vote yes or no); voter’s initiative ( a petition) or legislature.

Question 11

Recall

Answer 11

-procedure whereby the voters can vote to remove an elected official from office. (not in all states)

Question 12

Commerce

Answer 12

-trade and money

Question 13

Block grants

Answer 13

-federal grants that a state can allocate (distribute) to a wide range of services.
(most favored b/c the state can spend the money on whatever they like)

Question 14

Categorical grants

Answer 14

-federal grants which are spent for specific purposes; would be given along with guidelines and extensive restrictions.

Question 15

Grant-in-aid

Answer 15

-federal grants to subsidize a public project

Question 16

Conditions of aid

Answer 16

-terms set by the national government that states must meet if they are to receive certain federal funds.

Question 17

Mandates

Answer 17

-terms set by the national government that states must meet whether or not they accept the federal grant. (Least favored)

Question 18

Doctrine of Preemption

Answer 18

-once the federal government takes a field, states must comply; states may exceed federal standards but not fall below it.

Question 19

Delegated powers

Answer 19

-Article 1-Article 5; enumerated (listed) powers specifically given to the national government.

Question 20

Implied powers

Answer 20

-“necessary and proper” clause, elastic clause (synonyms); must be affiliated with an enumerated power.

Question 21

Concurrent powers

Answer 21

-powers such as the right to tax, borrow money, establish courts, and make and enforce laws exist in both federal and state government.

Question 22

Reserved power

Answer 22

-powers belonging to the state (same as police power, 10th amendment, and article 4).

Question 23

Prohibited power

Answer 23

-powers that are denied to the national and state government. (article 9 & 10).

Question 24

McCulloch vs. Maryland

Answer 24

-established that the federal government possesses broad powers to pass a number of types of laws, and that the states cannot interfere with any federal agency by imposing a direct tax upon it.

Question 25

U.S. vs. Morrison

Answer 25

-attacks against women are not, and do not substantially affect interstate commerce, and the Congress cannot constitutionally pass such law.

Question 26

U.S. vs. Lopez

Answer 26

-Congress had exceeded its commerce clause power by prohibiting guns in school.

Question 27

Printz vs. U.S.

Answer 27

-the court invalidated a federal law that required local police to conduct background checks on gun purchases.

Question 28

Gibbons vs. Obden

Answer 28

-the supreme court ruled that only federal government can regulate interstate commerce; states may not issue licenses that affects interstate commerce.

Question 29

Webster vs. Reproductive health services

Answer 29

-law that imposed restrictions on the use of state funds, facilities, and employees in performing, assisting with, or counseling on abortions. (happened in Missouri in 1989)

Question 30

Casey vs. Planned parenthood

Answer 30

-the constitutionality of several Pennsylvania state regulations regarding abortion were challenged; the court upheld the constitutional right to have an abortion.

Question 31

Dred Scott vs. Sandford

Answer 31

-african americans could not be american citizens and therefore had no standing to sue the federal court; and the federal government had no power to regulate slavery.

Question 32

Article 1, Section 8

Answer 32

• lay and collect taxes
• provide for the national defense and make regulations for the military
• regulate commerce
• coin money
• declare war
• establish post office
• issue copy rights and patents