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History- Russia > Nicholas II > Flashcards

Nicholas II Flashcards

1
Q

How much did coal, iron and steel production increase form 1890-1900

A

iron and steel x8
coal x3

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2
Q

How many of the blast furnaces in the Donbass were operational in 1903?

A

23/35

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3
Q

How much of russia’s iron and steel was used on railways by 1890

A

60%

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4
Q

What percentage of the railways were government owned

A

70%

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5
Q

How many foreign companies had invested in Russian industry by 1900

A

269

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6
Q

what did adopting the gold standard do for investment

A

protected investment with a stable currency

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7
Q

Why did Witte keep high import tariffs

A

to encourage internal industrial growth

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8
Q

Why did Witte raise taxes

A

tp encourage peasants to sell their grain, increasing russia’s export and foreign currency

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9
Q

Witte finance minister

A

1893-1903

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10
Q

Stolypin’s land reforms aim

A

allow peasants to leave mir
reduce power of mir
redistribute the land of nobles
help kulaks buy land to create more efficient farms

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10
Q

How much of Russia’s economy was based on food exports

A

50%

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11
Q

Russia’s population change from 1861-97

A

50 to 79 million

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12
Q

What was a khutor

A

A plot where the owner lived on his land, seperate from the village

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13
Q

What was an otrub

A

where the owner has consolidated land but still lives within the village

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14
Q

What system was still largely used for distributing land

A

the three strip system

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15
Q

When were the textile strikes in st petersburg and how many women were involved?

A

1896-7, 30000

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16
Q

What was the literacy rate by 1897

A

57.8%

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17
Q

How many strikers were there in January 1905?

A

110,000

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18
Q

How many signed Father Gabon’s petition?

A

150,000

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19
Q

Nickname for nicholas?

A

little father

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20
Q

how many killed in bloody sunday

A

96 (reported) - 200

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21
Q

How many were executed and deported in response to 1905

A

15,000, 45,000

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22
Q

nickname for noose after executions in 1906

A

stolypin’s necktie

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23
Q

Largest party, and seat share in 1st duma

A

Kadets, 182/448

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24
Q

what percentage of workers in st petersburg voted in the 2nd duma

A

70%

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25
Q

what did the vyborg manifesto do?

A

Urged people to boycott voting, gave Tsar a reason to shut down the Kadets.

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26
Q

Largest party in 3rd duma, and number of seats

A

Octobrists, 154

27
Q

how many of the 2500 proposals were approved by 3rd duma

A

2200

28
Q

When was universal education act passed

A

1908

29
Q

Main beliefs of the liberals

A

Civil rights, free elections, constitutional monarchy

30
Q

Main beliefs of SD

A

Oppose the SR, marxist socialists, want to achieve revolution through the working class

31
Q

What groups did the SR follow from

A

Populists/narodniks

32
Q

What belief was popular at the outbreak of war

A

nationalism

33
Q

What % of Russian men were conscripted for WW1

A

40

34
Q

How many rifles were there by winter 1914

A

2 between 3 men

35
Q

Why was St Petersburg changed to Petrograd

A

St petersburg sounded too German

36
Q

What proportion of the Austrian army were taken out by the Brusilov campaign

A

1/2

37
Q

% growth in shell production by 1916

A

1000

37
Q

Where was Russia forced out of in 1916

A

Poland, Lithuania, Latvia

38
Q

Russians killed and russians wounded between May and December 1915

A

1 million

39
Q

Total casualties from WW1

A

8 million

40
Q

Why did the Zemgor and Congress of industry and business weaken the Tsar’s authority

A

They showed effective governance was possible without the Tsar’s ruling

41
Q

Why was Rasputin so popular with the Romanovs

A

He claimed he could heal their son, Alexei who had haemophillia

42
Q

What were the rumors surrounding Rasputin

A

Sexually promiscuous, thought to have an affair with Alexandra

43
Q

What did the minister of the interior, rasputin’s friends Prologopov, suggest

A

Allowing a revolution to occur so they could withdraw the army from the war to crush it.

44
Q

What effect did the death of Rasputin have on Tsarist authority

A

Failures of the government could only be blamed on Tsar

45
Q

How much does the war cost by 1918

A

14.5 billion roubles

46
Q

Why was the loss of poland significant

A

it was a centre of industrial activity

47
Q

How many of 1000 wagons of food made it to Petrograd/ month by 1917

A

300

48
Q

What does the 1.2kg bread ration change to from 1917

A

40g

49
Q

Why did grain production decrease during the war

A

50% of farmers were at war

50
Q

Name of police chief murdered in february 1917 strikes

A

Shalfeev

51
Q

Which party had the largest share of seats in the First Duma

A

Kadets

52
Q

What did the Kadets issue after being angered by the ineffective nature of the First Duma

A

Vyborg Manifesto

53
Q

What percentage of workers in St Petersburg voted to elect the 2nd Duma

A

70%

54
Q

What commodities was Russia the 4th largest producer of by 1914

A

Coal, pig iron and steel

55
Q

When did russia become the largest cereal exporter

A

1911

56
Q

When did the SD split

A

1903 at the second congress of soviets

57
Q

What were the main beliefs of the liberals

A

civil rights and freedoms. free elections and democracy, self determination for minority groups and extended power for the zemstvo.

58
Q

What were the aims of the SR

A

to overthrow the government with a peasant revolution, believed the peasants should control the country

59
Q

who supported the SR

A

peasants, middle class people and some workers

60
Q

how many assassination did the SR commit 1900-14

A

2000

61
Q

When was the SR founded

A

1899

62
Q

What ideas did the SR follow

A

Marxist and populist

63
Q

What well known book did Lenin write what is to be done and where was it published

A

1902- socialist newspaper iskra.

History- Russia (5 decks)

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