NFO

Question 1

Assault

Answer 1

An Act (Logdon)
Cause victim to apprehend unlawful force (Lamb)
Immediate (Smith v CC of Working)
Unlawful Force - dealt with in Battery.

Mens rea - Cunningham - subjective

Question 2

Battery

Answer 2

Unlawful (Pringle)
Application (Fagan)
Force (Thomas)

Mens rea - Cunningham - subjective

Question 3

ABH

Answer 3

An assault or battery - dealt with above
Causing - rules of causation - R v White, R v Kimsey, R v Jordan/Kennedy
Actual Bodily Harm (Miller) - Chan Fook (includes psychological harm as long as its not mere emotions)

Mens rea - Roberts

Question 4

S.20 & S.18 GBH

Answer 4

Both have same actus reus

Wounding (Brookes)
or Inflicting - same rules as causation - already been explained
Grievous Bodily Harm (Dica)

Mens rea
s.20 - some harm - Savage, Cunningham
s.18 - really serious harm - Morrison (includes resisting arrest)