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Biology > Next Biology Test? > Flashcards

Next Biology Test? Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

“Guard” Controls what comes in & out of the phospholipid bi layer

A

Cell Membrane

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2
Q

Allows certain things to come through membrane

A

Differentially permeable, selectively permeable, Semi permeable

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3
Q

Glyco lipids

A

sugar chains attached to phospholipid

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4
Q

Glyco protein

A

sugar chain embedded protein

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4
Q

plasma membrane

A

fluid mosiac model

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5
Q

finger print of the cell

A

glyco lipids

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6
Q

glyco means

A

sugar

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7
Q

Examples of passive transport

A

Diffusion, osmosis (diffusion of water)

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8
Q

Passive transport

A

No input of energy, High to low concentration gradient

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9
Q

Active transport

A

Does require energy, Low to high (one gradient)

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10
Q

Example of active transport

A

Exocytosis and Endocytosis

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11
Q

Exocytosis

A

Exit the cell by vesicle formation

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12
Q

Endocytosis

A

In the cell by phagocytosis (cell eating) or pinocytosis (cell drinking)

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13
Q

Solution

A

Solute + solvent (kool aid) (water)

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14
Q

Isotonic Solution

A

same strength of solution

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15
Q

Isotonic means (two parts)

A

Same Strength

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16
Q

once equilibrium is met isotonic solutions have

A

No net movement

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17
Q

Magic number for Isotonic

A

.9% tonicity

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18
Q

IV solution and medical saline have

A

.9% tonicity

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19
Q

Hypo tonic solution have

A

more solvent; less solute

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20
Q

What happens to the cell in a hypo tonic solution?

A

cell swells

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21
Q

Hyper tonic solution have

A

more solute; less solvent

22
Q

what happens to the cell in a hyper tonic solution

A

cell shrivels

23
Q

heme means

A

blood

24
Q

lyse means

A

to split

25
Q

Hemolysis is

A

the process by which red blood cells break down and release their contents into the surrounding fluid.

26
Q

Turgor pressure

A

the force that pushes the plasma membrane of a cell against its cell wall

27
Q

red bloods cells do what in a hypertonic solution

A

Crenate

28
Q

plant cells in a hypertonic solution

A

plasmolysis

29
Q

energy is what?

A

the ability to do work or bring about a change

30
Q

Kinetic energy is

A

energy in motion

31
Q

potential

A

stored energy

32
Q

when energy is produced

A

Heat results

33
Q

1st law of thermodynamics

A

Law of conservation of energy. Energy can not be created nor destroyed only changed from one form to the other

34
Q

2nd law of thermodynamics

A

Energy can not be changed from one form to the other without a loss of useable energy.

35
Q

Entropy

A

Amount of disorder; with every transformation the cells become less organized.

36
Q

Metabolism

A

sum of all chemical reactions that occur in a cell

37
Q

Example of metabolism

A

A+B (Reactant)—–D+C (Product)

38
Q

Metabolic pathways

A

series with linked reactions beginning with a particular reactant stopping with an end product.

39
Q

Products in one reaction will become what in the next?

A

reactant

40
Q

Enzymes are?

A

proteins that speed up chemical reactions; will combine with substrates.

41
Q

Substrate

A

is a reactant in a reaction for an enzyme

42
Q

Enzyme & substrate shape when they join together

A

Lock & Key model

43
Q

where does the reaction occur on a Enzyme and substrate?

A

the Active site

44
Q

What does warm temperature do to a reaction?

A

Speeds it up

45
Q

What does cold temperature do to a reaction?

A

Slows it down

46
Q

What does hot temperature do to a reaction?

A

Stops the rate

47
Q

What will denature protein and change its shape

A

Extreme heat

48
Q

Every reaction has a PH but a extreme PH will do what to the reaction?

A

Denature and stop the reaction

49
Q

What should you expect if you increase enzyme

A

more reaction

50
Q

list the 4 factors of reactions

A
  1. temperature 2. PH 3. Amount of Enzyme 4. Amount of correct substrate
51
Q

Enzyme suffix word

A

Ase

52
Q

what is enzyme inhibition?

A

when the enzyme is prevented from combining with its substrate

53
Q

examples of enzyme inhibitions

A

Poisons (cyanide) Antibiotics

Biology (7 decks)

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