Newborn through 12 months Flashcards
Describe normal infant cries
Cry is vigorous, especially after stimulation Tone and pitch are moderate. Infant quiets when left alone, no tears. Self-regulating behaviors are normal.
What is an epstein pearl
Gingival cysts in an infant; normal finding.
Assessment of hearing in the newborn
What is the white, cheesy, protective coating on skin, especially int the creases of newborns?
vernix caseosa
Describe the appropriate color of an infant.
Describe the normal activity level and disposition of newborns.
Describe the infant abdomen.
What is considered very low birth weight?
Supplemental Fe in breastfeeding babies?
The infant should take _____ ounces of formula every _____ hours by 2 months of age.
Describe lanugo/hair distribution of the infant.
What are some skin lesions found in infants?
Birthmarks, milia, Mongolian spots
Telangiesctasia (“stork bites”)
Diaper rash
Red-mauve blotches
Xanthomas (fatty deposits, lipids)
Descibe the normal appearance of the infant’s tympanic membrane.
The tympanic membrane is pearly gray and translucent, a light reflex is present, and it is mobile.
Breast tissue in infants, normal?
Average respiratory rate?
What is the kidney’s ability to reabsorbe phosphate?
Vitamin D resistant rickets - phosphate levels and resulting rickets are not as severe in females as in males.
Normal position and posture of the newborn?
The position/posture is tense with flexion or partial flexion of extremities (pitched “frog” position), muscle tone is firm, and the infant assumes the fetal position of for comfort.
Head circumference in infants
32-38cm (40 weeks’ gestational age)
Average male, 34.5-35.5, average female, 33.5-34.5 inches.
Average growth in occipitofrontal circumference per week during first 8 weeks of life:
38-40 wk - 0.5cm/wk
34-37wk - 0.8cm/wk
30-33 wk - 1.1cm/wk
“sick” preterm to 0.25 cm/wk
Head 1-2 cm larger than chest.
How much weight shold the infant gain from birth to 6 months?
From birth to age 6 months, the length increases
about 1 inch per month
