Newborn risks Flashcards
T/F
socioeconimic status of mom can affect the baby
true it can q
T/F
No prenatal care is not a big deal for the baby’s health
false , prenatal care is super important
T/F
the baby being in moms utero means it is protected from outside, environmental dangers
false. it is not as protected bc if something happens to mom it hurts baby
T/F
diabetes of mom or other pre-existing maternal conditions can effect the baby
True
T/F
maternal factors such as moms age and parity never have effects to the fetus
false. sometimes they can
AGA means
Appropriate for gestational age so between 10th and 90th %
SGA means
Small for gestational age so below the 10th percentile and means failure to thrive in utero
- small head, length, and chest cirucmfernce
Factors that can affect SGA?
It could be from just having Small parents/genetics but could be from complication
IUGR
Intrauterine growth restriction so worse than SGA
What causes IUGR in infats
environmental or placenta issue
Types of IUGR
Symmetric - symmetrically small from chronic reasons. Especially head circumference
Asymmetric - asymmetrically small in certain places from a short term issue
ex: large head, small body circumference
neonate mortality
dying in first month
neonate morbidity
developing issues in first month of life
Measurement criteria
head
weight
chest
In an IUGR infant, what if they have an asymmetrically small abdomen.
What if the baby is long and thin?
Means reduced glycogen stores bc they used it all up already
Long thing and muscle is flabby
SGA list complications
Perinatal Asphyxia Meconium Aspiration Syndrome Hypothermia Hypoglycemia Polycythemia
Perinatal Asphyxia is a complication of what?
And what is it?
SGA
Perinatal Asphyxia means fetal hypoxia from placenta insufficiency (from infections and smoking )
Meconium Aspiration Syndrome is a complication of?
SGA
Thick meconium being released in utero can aspirate into baby’s mouth and cause breathing issue and atelectasis
Hypothermia is a complication of?
SGA
Due to not having brown fat since they’re small
Hypoglycemia is a complication of ?
SGA
From using up their glucose stores already and so not having enough and inability to do glucogeogenesis
Polycythemia is a complicatoin of? What is it?
high hmct due to hypoxia and complications, the body kicks out rbc and then it looks like more hematocrit
Risks with IUGR?
Congenital malformations Infections Marked growth symmetry Hyperactive, short attention span Hearing loss speech defects.
LGA meaning
Large babies. Greater than 90th percentile , 4000g = about 9 ibs
LGA causes
Diabetes
Miscalculated due date
Large parents
Congenital disorder
Diabetes can create a LGA baby bc of the glucose storing.
Miscalculated due date /gestational age bc the baby could just be the another age that is greater than the size
Large parents make bigger babies
Male babie are bigger
Congenital disorders where they are born edematous so it makes them as LGA
Why might LGA babies have a complication and need to be induced? or C-section?
What other complication can happen?
Because of their size, the LGA baby may have a CPD or huge head that can’t fit through the pelvis. This may mean mom has to be induced early or they need to just do the c section
Birthing the baby can give you soft tissue bruising
Main complications: CPD head
Soft tissue bruising
Why is hypoglycemia a complication of LGA babies?
Large baby means large BS fall so hypoglycemia after birth is a complication of LGA babies
Complications of LGA babies due to diabetic mom ?
Euglycemia can make sure these things dont happen
Dropping BS after being born Hypocalcemia= tremors RDS Birth trauma Polycythemia Hyperbilirubemia Congenital malformations
Characteristics of Diabetes birthed infant
macrosomia
sga
color
fat
umbilical cord size
placenta size
fluid
size as they grow up?
In diabetes..
macrosomia if gestational diabetic mom or new diagnosis
sga if mom has always had diabetes and didn’t manage it
coloring of baby is red
extra fat
umbilical cord will be big
decreased total body water and ecf - so no edema here. just all fat
Will probably be obese
What is a post term infant
An infant born on 42 weeks and on bc mom doesn’t go in labor
Reasons for post term infant
Miscalculated due date
Failure of spontaneous labor
Post term infant characteristics
behavior
skin
vernix and lanugo
hair and nails
general size of infant
meconium
Post term infant behavior will be mature and with alert behaviors bc they are developed.
The skin will be dry and cracked due to going past the 41 week mark. Fluid starts to go away then.
They will lack vernix and lanugo
lots of hair
longs nails
Infant will be long and thin
Meconium staining on the nails, skin, and umbilical cord
How deadly is post term infancy?
2-3x more than term infancy
What is post maturity syndrome?
Decreased placental function w aging
Disorders of Post maturity syndrome are:
Hypoglycemia
Meconium Aspiration
Polycythemia
congenital anomalies
Seizures
Cold stress
Hypoglycemia since they live off their own glycogen stores and run out
Meconium aspiration due to hypoxic utero triggers
Polycythemia or the kicking off rbc
Congenital anomalies like anencephaly where you miss part of the upper portion of your head
Seizures from hypoxia and hypoglycemia
Cold Stress bc of no insulation
