Newborn Meds & Screening Flashcards
What does Phytonadione (Vitamin K) do?
helps blood to clot normally
Where is vitamin K synthesized normally? How does this differ for babies?
normally synthesized in our guts
In babies → their gut is sterile so they do NOT make vitamin K & we don’t know when this will start
why do we want to make sure babies get vitamin K?
- Birth itself can cause small amounts of bleeding
- Circumcisions post risk of bleeding
- heel sticks pose risk of bleeding
*want to make sure baby gets a little bit of vitamin K to ensure they can clot
NEVER inject more than ____ of Phytonadione (Vitamin K) into newborn
0.5 mL
how do you prepare Phytonadione (Vitamin K)?
draw up with filter needle to ensure NO glass gets into syringe
where do we inject Phytonadione (Vitamin K)?
vastus lateralis
if parents do not want vitamin K and they have a male baby, it is important to do what?
help advise them against circumcision
what is the standard of care for newborns that is pretty harmless?
Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment
how do we administer Erythromycin ophthalmic ointment ?
pull lower lid down and put very thin ribbon of ointment
what is the first vaccine given to baby?
Hepatitis B
how much/where do we inject Hepatitis B into newborn?
0.5 mL injection into vastus lateralis
when is hepatitis B given?
Given at birth, 1-2 months, 6-18 months
what delays tx of metabolic disorders? what is hard to do after this?
user errors in metabolic screenings
can be hard to get pt back to redo the screening
What must be done to ensure the test is done correctly?
the circles on paper must be fully filled in (front & back) with heel stick blood
where should heel sticks for the metabolic screening be done?
on the outside of the heel
what are metabolic screenings used to detect?
Phenylketonuria (PKU) and other disorders
how are bilirubin screens done?
Also do heel stick & plot on a graph
Use bilitool → plots the level of bilirubin & helps let you know whether there’s a need to intervene
what does hearing screen assess?
Test of how the baby responds to sounds
How we can catch hearing problems early
when are congenital heart defect screenings done and why?
After 24 hrs of day → give PDA and PFO some time to close
how is the congenital heart defect screening done? what do we want to see? both values should be over what?
- Pulse oximetry reading of right hand AND pulse oximetry on either foot
- want no more than a 3 point difference
- Both values should be over 95%
why do we use right hand when doing congenital heart defect screening? and then why do we use foot?
it provides pre-ductal circulation reading that goes before DA, and the foot provides a post-ductal reading
