Newborn Evaluation and Common Problems Flashcards
What is the difference between neonatal and infant mortality? (by definition)
Neonatal: first 28 days
Infant: first year
Top causes of infant mortality
- congenital malformations, deformations, chromosomal
- premature, low birth weight
- maternal complications
- SIDS
- Accidents
Risk factors for neonatal infection
premature
maternal GBS colonization
maternal fever
rupture membranes
Newborn Hct and retics
around 50
with high reticulocytes around 8%
Reasons for intrauterine growth restriction
maternal problems (preeclampsia, HTN) placental problems (nutrients) fetal problems
Is head sparing good or bad?
Good! If you see head sparing on growth chart with tiny baby, at least you know the head/brain growth is on the right trajectory. No sparing is v. concerning
Reasons for intrauterine growth (too much)
GD, growth syndromes
Definition of prematurity
less than 37 completed weeks from LMP
if LMP is unknown, use Ballard Score
The gestational limit to viability
22 weeks (lungs are v. important!)
Preterm survival is 90% at how many weeks?
28 weeks
Why does premie go into respiratory distress syndrome?
they have decreased surfactant production, which is the liquid film on your alveloi that prevent their collapse and allows for gas exchange
*give artificially
Premature respiratory diseases
Respiratory distress syndrome
bronchopulmonary dysplasia
chronic lung disease
apnea
Necrotizing enterocolitis of neonate
distended erythematous abdomen, it is invaded by GI tract bacteria
pneumatosis intestinalis
Why would a baby’s head be built up with pressure?
intraventricular hemorrhage- will probably die
What component of the Apgar score is most important?
the score at 5 minutes correlates with developmental issues
