Nutrition and Growth Flashcards
Infant feeding rule of thumb
1 oz of formula per Kg per feeding
Nutritional need up to 6 months
human breast milk = complete
formula = almost complete
NO: water, other calories
Vitamin D supplement if not getting 400IU/day
When to introduce complementary food?
4-6 months
Shows developmental readiness: watches adults eat and looks interested, diminished extrusion reflex, head steady, sits with support
When should you delay introducing complementary foods?
Developmentally immature, allergies in family, obesity
How to start complementary foods
sitting, with a spoon
thin—>thick
cereals–> veggies/fruits –>meats
Kinds of formula NOT to buy
low iron, second year formulas
How does formula come?
ready to feed
concentrate: mix 1:1 with tap water
powder: mix 2 oz water with 1 scoop
When does crying peak?
6 weeks
Pros of formula feeding
feed infants of mothers with HIV, on certain meds, who have passed away, who had reduction surgery, who don’t want to
Cons of formula feeding: for infants
increased infection (ear, viral, GI), increased asthma, increased SIDS, increased diabetes type 1, increased JIA
Cons of formula feeding: maternal
increased post-partum hemorrhage, increased breast/ovarian CA, increased DM2
Failure to thrive definition
Plot: <3rd percentile weight for age on >1 visit OR crossing >2 percentile lines
Endocrine causes of short stature
hypopituitarism, hypothyroidism, cushing’s syndrome
Birth to 3 months: how much to infants grow per day
30g/day
1 kg/month
3 to 6 months: how much to infants grow?
20 g/day
0.6 kg/month
