New Urban Landscapes Flashcards
State 3 issues with Gentrification
Focus on specific improvements may leave other areas lacking
Poor balance between cost and quality
Increase in housing prices forces current residents out
What is Postmodernism?
The changes in Western culture and society in the late 20th Century, combining features of classical and modern architecture for both function and appearance
What is an example of an old city which does not fit the Burgess model?
Liverpool - The Mersey forced development to Fan out from the centre instead of encircling it
Why might age affect a city’s structure?
Ancient cities, like Manchester, develop around the centre in a spider-web pattern, while modern cities like San Francisco were planned out in a grid pattern
Why might age not be the only factor affecting a city’s structure?
Kyoto, an ancient city from another culture, developed a grid pattern due to its use for rice farming
What is a mixed development?
A single building/ space with multiple uses, including street vendors and nightlife businesses
What are cultural and heritage quarters?
Centres of cultural significance which are renovated for use as tourist attractions which are created by local government
What is gentrification?
The conversion of working class areas to middle class residences by improving the inside of old buildings. Done by residents themselves
What are fortress landscapes?
Areas which have developed a range of defences against possible threats e.g. theft; they are built by wealthy private investors
What are edge cities?
Large urban developments which grow on the outskirts of an existing city, often close to a major road or airport which develop into their own settlements
Give examples of mixed developments
The Citron, Singapore: Residential flats built above a commercial centre, in the central city
The Cube, Birmingham: encouraging development of other functions than retail e.g. thinktank
Give examples of cultural quarters
Cardiff Bay, Cardiff: a freshwater lake created by the Cardiff Barrage surrounded by and attracting science and arts centres e.g. Millennium Centre, Dr Who experience
Jewellery Quarter, Birmingham
Give examples of gentrification
Brindley Place, Birmingham: Old canal-side buildings refurbished and transformed into cafes, houses etc. Inclusion of new Sea-Life centre and ICC
Notting Hill, London: public sector professionals in the 60s and 70s bought run-down properties and converted them into family homes £30-40k for 4 bedroom houses, now up to £1m per house
Give examples of fortress landscapes
US Embassy, London: a variety of “natural” defences have been created to protect the embassy from terrorist attacks
Spiked Fire Hydrants, New York: Designed to stop loitering by preventing people from sitting on them.
Give examples of edge cities
Tyson’s Corner, Virginia
Los Angeles, California
