New Ray Optics

Question 1

Incident angle

Answer 1

angle drawn from the normal line to the incident ray (initial)

Question 2

angle of reflection

Answer 2

angle drawn from the normal line to the reflect ray (final)

Question 3

Law of reflection

Answer 3

the incident angle = the reflected angle

Question 4

Plane mirror and its image(s) (5 laws)

Answer 4

1. the image is upright 2. the image is the same size as the object 3. the image distance and object distance are equal 4. The image is a VIRTUAL image (no light passes through the mirror. virtual images are always upright) 5. Plane mirrors reverse left to right 6. The image forms behind the mirror

Question 5

index of refraction, n

Answer 5

n = c/v where c is the speed of light and v is the speed of the light in its new medium (light SLOWS in denser mediums, whereas sound SPEEDS up) The index of refraction, n, and the angle of refraction are inversely proportional. Denser mediums have higher indexes of refraction but smaller angles of refraction

Question 6

Pinhole camera and properties

Answer 6

image is real (can be projected onto a screen), inverted, and smaller than the original object

Question 7

Magnification equation

Answer 7

M = hi/h0 = -di/d0 where hi is the height of the image, ho is the height of the object, di is the distance of the image from the lens, do is the distance of the object from the lens

Question 8

Properties of convex lens (converging lens)

Answer 8

height of object -> lens -> opposite f. height of object -> middle of lens -> intersection of first one

Question 9

geometric relationship between focal length, f, the object distance, d0, and the image distance, di

Answer 9

1/f = 1/d0 + 1/di

Question 10

Concave lens (diverging lens) properties

Answer 10

height of object -> lens -> back track through f height of object -> middle of lens -> intersection of first one (image is ALWAYS smaller than the object)

Question 11

Concave mirror (converging) (2f<f)

Answer 11

) height of object -> lens -> back track through f height of object -> same side f -> lens -> back track parallel to line

Question 12

Concave mirror (converging) (f<0)

Answer 12

height object -> lens -> back track through f height object -> connect to 2f (final image should be on the opposite side of the mirror)

Question 13

Concave mirror (converging) (x is at f)

Answer 13

no image is formed (rays are parallel and cannot intersect)

Question 14

Convex mirror (diverging)

Answer 14

height of object -> lens -> through opposite f height object -> MIDDLE of lens -> continue through the opposite side parallel to the axis (image is virtual and upright)

Question 15

Images appearing on a screen are (two things)

Answer 15

real and inverted

Question 16

Type of lens that refracts parallel light rays to the far focal point is a

Answer 16

converging, convex lens )