New Pathogens Causing CNS Infections

Question 1

What is the percentage of suspected CNS infections which do not have a microbiological diagnosis?

Answer 1

85% in low resource settings
60% in good resource settings
72.7% to 99.5% in Sri Lanka

Question 2

What are the new neurotropic pathogens?

Answer 2

Variegated squirrel bornavirus-1
Human bocavirus
CRESS-DNA viruses (cyclovirus)
Zika virus
Ebola virus
Enterovirus A71

Question 3

What is the most common neurological manifestation of Zikavirus?

Answer 3

GBS

A short latency period following infection followed by rapid progression

Question 4

What is the association of Zika virus with birth defects?

Answer 4

Congenital Zika syndrome 
If mother infected in T1/2
-Microcephaly
-cerebral atrophy
-NTD
-SND

Question 5

What are the viruses that cause microcephaly?

Answer 5

Zika
CMV
Rubella
WNV
Chikungunya

Question 6

What are the neurological manifestation of Ebola?

Answer 6

Seizures
Encephalopathy 
Encephalitis 
Meningitis 
Frontal lobe dysfunction

Question 7

What are the neurological manifestation of Enterovirus D68?

Answer 7

Rapid onset AFP and cranial neuropathy (Acute Flaccid Myelitis)
Proximal > distal
Upper limb > lower limb
Asymmetrical

Question 8

What are the neurological manifestation of Enterovirus A71?

Answer 8

Hand foot mouth disease

Can be fatal