Ebola Virus

Question 1

What is the taxonomy of Ebola?

Answer 1

Filoviridae family
Ebolavirus genus
Zaire ebolavirus species

Question 2

When was the most recent Ebola epidemic by 2020?

Answer 2

2013-2016 West Africa

Question 3

What are the other filoviruses?

Answer 3

Marburg virus (East Africa)
Ebola virus (West Africa)
Sudan virus (East Africa)
Tai forest virus (Cote d'Ivoire)
Bundibugyo virus (Uganda)
Reston virus (Phillippines)

Question 4

What is the virology of EBOV?

Answer 4

Enveloped filament
RNA nucleocapsid
Replicate in cytoplasm

Question 5

What is the epidemiology of EBOV?

Answer 5

Zoonotic

Question 6

What is the pathogenesis of EBOV?

Answer 6

Causes Ebola virus disease
Route - percutaneous
Incubation 2-21 days
AFI
Followed by ANVD
Up to 10 L fluid loss/day
Maculopapular rash
Bleeding manifestations
Liver necrosis
Myositis
AKI (renal and pre-renal)
Endothelial dysfunction
Consumption coagulopathy
Hypovolemic shock
MOF and death

Question 7

What is the post Ebola syndrome?

Answer 7

MSK pain
Headache
Encephalitis
Visual disturbance

Question 8

How is Ebola diagnosed?

Answer 8

qRT-PCR twice

Question 9

How is Ebola managed?

Answer 9

Supportive 
(ORS or IV crystalloid)
Electrolyte correction
Prevent hypoglycaemia
Nutrition
Analgesia
Antiemetics
Psychological support
Contact tracing and isolation
Social distancing
Public education

Question 10

What is the vaccine for Ebola?

Answer 10

Single shot
Live attenuated
Vectored vaccine